MATERIAL SCIENCE: CH 4 PRE QUIZ VOCAB

anion

ion with extra electron and negative charge

binding (bonding) energy

body centered cubic (BCC)

another common metallic crystal structure also has a subic unit cell with atoms located at all 8 corners and a single atom at the cube center

cation

 ion that has given up an electron and has a positive charge

coordination number

for metals, each atom has the same number of nearest-neighbor or touching atoms

crystal

the atoms are situated in a repeating or periodic array over large atomic distances

crystal structure (crystalline arrangement)

the manner in which atoms, ions, or molecules are spatially arranged

equilibrium spacing

corresponds to the separation of distance at the minimum of the potential energy curve

face centered cubic (FCC)

crystal structure found for many metals has a unit cell of cubic geometry, with atoms located at each of the corners and the centers of all the cube faces

hexagonal close packed (HCP)

the top and bottom faces of the unit cell consist of 6 atoms that form regular hexagons and surround a single atom in the center

unit cell

subdividing crystal structure into small repeating entities. Is chosen to represent the symmetry of the crystal structure

simple cubic structure

atoms located at each corner and the center of the cube, each atom has 6 nearest neighbors, which contributes to its low packing efficiency and stability