Human Communication KSU Final

In the next several decades, the United States will become a "plurality nation," which means that _____.

No Single Ethnic Group will be the majority.

What is cited as a primary cause for international business failures?

Lack of attention to cultural factors

Diverse is another word for _____.

heterogeneous

What communication strategy is suggested for individuals in intercultural intimate relationships?

adopt open communication about the differences between them

A cultural group in which the majority strongly believe that one's primary responsibility is to one's self is identified as _____.

individualistic

In societies that value large power distances, what would we expect about interactions between a supervisor at work and his or her subordinates?

Interactions would be more formal

What is indicated by a recent Pew poll that found that 70-80 percent of both black and white Americans report that all or most of their close friends are of the same race?

Americans remain fairly racially segregated in their schools and neighborhoods.

According to researcher Mark Orbe, what negative effect often occurs when women try to fully assimilate into a male-dominated organization?

They are criticized for being too masculine.

A cocultural group is understood to be _____.

a significant minority group within a dominant majority that does not share dominant group values or communication patterns

Stereotypes can become _____, meaning if you stereotype people and treat them in a prejudiced or negative manner, they may react in ways that reinforce your stereotype.

self-fulfilling

According to your text, people with even a few close relationships experience _____ than those who are lonely.

a greater sense of well being

The communication that occurs between individuals in casual relationships tends to be _____.

influenced more by social norms

The tendency to develop relationships with people who are approximately as attractive as we are is known as the _____.

matching hypothesis

Although Charlotte and Amy were good friends before they decided to get an apartment together, lately Charlotte is unhappy with Amy. Amy never seems to take her turn cleaning up or doing the grocery shopping, which are tasks they agreed to share. Charlotte's feelings of being taken advantage of can best be explained by _____.

equity theory: argues that people are more satisfied in relationships they perceive as fair—where their costs are balanced by their rewards.

After dating for several months, Sarah and Mark find themselves getting into arguments over even minor issues. To avoid getting into another argument, they have begun engaging only in small talk. According to Knapp's step model, Sarah and Mark's relationship development is at the _____ step.

Circumscribing: Stage of romantic relational dissolution in which couples discuss safe topics

Flirting is a(n) _____ behavior that signals you are interested in a potential romantic relationship with another person.

initiating

Nonstrategic, routine behaviors that couples perform, such as using humor or joking, self-disclosure, and positivity, are examples of _____.

relationship maintenance behaviors:

The most typical way relationships end is through _____, which occurs when the relationship simply declines over time and the partners are aware that problems remain unresolved.

passing away

Many faiths have long prescribed whom their members should marry, how many spouses they could have, and even if they should date prior to marriage. This is an example of how _____ impact our communication and relationships.

institutions

In U.S. culture, parents are encouraged to understand that _____ will turn toward their friends and away from their families.

adolescents

When Kelly told her boyfriend he was cheap during a date, he did not seem bothered by her comment. But when Kelly repeated this at a party, her boyfriend became quite angry. The difference in his reaction is based on _____.

context

Two effective strategies to try when you have unintentionally misspoken or hurt someone's feelings are _____ and _____.

apologies; justification

A social group's general purpose is to _____, while a work group's general purpose is to _____.

Enjoy each other's company; Solve problems or achieve goals

As referenced in the text, organizations tend to hire and promote those who have proven _____.

They can work well with others

Research indicates that one strategic advantage of groups is that _____.

They typically make higher quality decisions than those working alone

At least _____ people are needed to constitute a small group.

Three

Most small groups are not successful without _____.

The positive contribution of all members

In a small group, which type of roles often involve seeking, processing, and evaluating information?

Task Roles

Which of the following roles tends to undermine the group process and sense of cohesion?

dominator(individual role)

Trait theory suggests that _____.

Leaders are born

_____ leaders empower their followers to develop their full potential and work beyond standard expectations.

Transformational

When Nina and other local residents meet for the first time to discuss a proposed community center, they are in the _____ phase of the decision-making process.

Orientation: First phase of the decision-making process where members establish relationships

In the _____ phase of the decision-making process, the group has worked through primary and secondary tensions and members act cooperatively.

Emergence

Fisher's Theory of Decision Emergence: First Orientation, then conflict, then Emergence, then reinforcement phase

A cultural preference for individualism or collectivism has a marked impact on the discussion methods by which a group accomplishes its tasks, also referred to as _____.

Group Processes

Which type of identifiers are related to demographic diversity?

age, gender, ethnicity, and race

Adopting an interdependent attitude in group communication situations includes _____.

working toward collaborative communication

What organizational communication knowledge will improve your ability to accomplish your goals?

Knowing what questions to ask and how to ask them

Which property of organizational communication refers to the goals and effects of communication?

Function

The president of the company directed her division managers to prepare and submit their proposed budgets within the next week. This request is an example of _____.

Downward Communication: In a traditional conduit model of communication, communication with subordinates.

When she accepted her new job, Cade knew it would be a matter of time before her new coworkers would consider her an integral part of the workplace. The process Cade will go through to achieve this is called _____.

Assimilation: The communicative, behavioral, and cognitive processes that influence individuals to join, identify with, become integrated into, and (occasionally) exit an organization.

When communicators are willing to share their ideas and listen to others in a way that avoids conveying negative or disconfirming feedback, they are practicing _____.

Openness

The _____ depicts organizations as systems composed not only of many subsystems, but also as embedded in larger systems.

General Systems Theory

Zane's boss asks him to go out on a date and says he "probably can't keep him on staff" if Zane refuses. This is a case of _____.

Quid Pro Quo: Requests for sexual favors as a condition of getting or keeping a job or benefit.

_____ occurs when one assesses the available information and options in order to increase one's understanding of the conflict and the other party before engaging in conflict communication.

Strategy Control

Rhetoric is also known as the art of _____.

persuasion

Culturally, the _____ of the rhetor often determines his or her right to speak or to access civic speaking spaces.

Social Position

A speaker's good sense, moral character, and goodwill are all components of his or her _____.

Ethos

When former Vice President Al Gore advocates for passage of environmental initiatives designed to reduce global warming, he is engaged in _____.

deliberative rhetoric: The type of rhetoric used to argue what courses of action a society should take in the future.

The form of rhetoric that is used in courts and addresses events that happened in the past is called _____ rhetoric.

Forensic

When one is immersed in the media environment, one is _____, meaning that one participates in the communication process by selecting certain programs and agreeing or disagreeing with what is heard or seen.

Interacting

A 2016 Nielsen study found that the average U.S. American consumes almost 75 hours of media content each week, with _____ being the most used by far.

TV

The success of Netflix as a media model in releasing previously viewed content tells us that _____.

the Internet can be an increasingly important medium for traditional broadcasters to reach more audiences

_____ communication is always transmitted through a channel, such as television, film, and print.

mediated

Which of the following reflects the most accurate understanding of mass media?

mediated communication which is intended for a large audience

During the nineteenth century, _____ became one of the first media outlets that addressed a large public and played a critical role in community building.

Newspapers

Those who actively seek some media messages and resist others in a media-rich environment are referred to as _____.

Active Agents

Charlotte and George are teenagers that exhibit aggressive behavior. They consciously seek out violent and aggressive media, which reinforces their violent behavior. Charlotte and George are following the pattern of the _____ model.

Downward Spiral

Josefina is very concerned about a measles outbreak in her community. She looks for news reports that exaggerate the scope and severity of the disease and that blame it on the cost of immunizations. Josefina ignores other information that discusses multiple causes, or data showing that the increase is statistically insignificant. This is an example of the power of _____.

Selective Exposure

If we watch a football game in order to discuss the game with our friends, we are using media for _____; if we watch the game alone and strictly for pleasure, we are using media for _____.

Integration and Social Interaction; Entertainment

What does Shahira Fahmy's study of AP wire photographs, showing Afghan women almost exclusively covering their face and hair and wearing burqas, even after the Taliban regime, tell us about the media?

Media organizations can distort the images of faraway places as well as enhance them.

In April 2011, when broadcast networks carried the wedding of Prince William and Kate Middleton live on television in lieu of regular programming, this was an example of _____.

a media event

The best way to become an active agent and ethical media consumer is to _____.

make deliberate choices about what media you expose yourself to

_____ refers to a collection of mediated communication technologies that are digital and converging and tend to be mobile.

interactive media

It is challenging for communication researchers to understand and study the implications of interactive mobile media for our daily lives because _____.

technologies come and go at a rapid rate

We currently use communication technologies primarily for _____ and consuming content.

Connecting with others

When Dana wants to travel to Peru to participate in a medical mission trip, she wants to learn more about the country and culture by appealing to friends on Facebook and Snapchat—some of whom have traveled to South America. What is Dana utilizing to achieve her goal?

Crowdsourcing: The practice of engaging a 'crowd' or group online for a common goal—often for information or problem solving.

Interactive media messages differ from mass media messages in that _____.

Communication goes both ways

_____ are text-based "virtual reality" games in which participants interact with enrichments, objects, and other participants.

MMORPG(Massively Multiplayer Role-Playing Online Games

Which form of media functions in the most similar manner to traditional mass media?

Podcasts

_____ is the term used to describe communication in which messages are sent and received at the same time.

Synchronous

According to media richness theory, the richest medium for communicating is _____.

Face to Face

When you place your religious views and political views on an interactive media site, you are revealing which type of information about yourself?

potentially stigmatizing information

An individual who tries to fraudulently obtain usernames, passwords, and Social Security numbers is engaging in _____.

phishing

According to your text, the use of communication technologies _____ gender stereotypes.

Partially Reinforces

According to the National Safety Council (2014), drivers using phones are _____ as likely to be involved in a crash than other drivers.

4 Times

In confined spaces such as elevators, it is especially poor etiquette to _____.

talk on the phone at all

When using a microblogging service such as Twitter, it is suggested that you _____.

watch your language