Health and Social care BTEC

What does the Acronym PIES stand for ?

P- Physical

I- intellectual

E- emotional

S- social

What is meant by growth?

Height / weight

What is meant by development?

Milestones (the typical skills, abilities and changes that most people develop at different stages of their life.)

Name two psychologists that explore emotional development in infancy ?

John Bowlby And Mary Ainsworth.

What does John Bowlby say about emotional development in infancy?

He says emotional development is how an individual begins to feel about and value themselves and others. Bowlby (British Psychologist)

Said that infants are born with an inbuilt need to form an attachment with a primary caregiver in order to help them survive .

What does Bowlby say about attachment in emotional development in infancy

The quality of attachment formed when a child is young may affect the child’s emotional development for the rest of their life.

What does Mary Ainsworth say about emotional development in infancy ?

Mary Ainsworth (American Psychologist) argued that the quality of our early attachment influences the assumptions we will make about ourself and others.

What does Mary Ainsworth say about infants who have a secure attachment ?

She says they will feel safe ,loved and have a sense of belonging , leading to happier and healthier attachments with others in the future .

What can insecure attachments lead to ?

They can lead to a mistrust of caregivers , adult is in authority , behavioural issues , manipulative behaviour or a lack of ability to receive and give affection and ultimately an inability to cope with life events.

What are some examples of life events?

Redundancy , marriage , school , retirement , moving houses)

Name the three types of play in social development in infancy ?

Solo play

Parallel play

Cooperative play

What does solo pay mean?

Playing independently. This helps them focus their attention , become self reliant , learn by making mistakes and increase their self esteem.

What do infants do in solo play ?

At the ripe age of about one they look to their caregivers closely , put things in their mouths and touch things with their hands.

What is parallel play in social development in infancy ?

Infants playing alongside and copying other children.

What is cooperative play in social development and infancy?

Playing with other children and interacts with other people.

What has emotional growth and development in early childhood 3-8 years old ?

At age of 4 positive self -esteem is reinforced by what the child can do successfully and independently , and also by feedback they receive from their careers.

How can caregivers foster a child’s self-esteem in emotional growth and development in early childhood 3-8 years ?

Careers can foster a child’s self esteem by teaching problem - solving skills.They should allow include children in tasks.Adults modelling good behaviour and talking about their own feelings helps children manage their own emotions and understanding emotions of others.

What happens to children with low self esteem in emotional growth and development in early childhood 3-8 years old ?

Children with low self-esteem can become withdrawn and depressed , have difficulty dealing with problems and speak negatively about themselves.

What factors can impact a child’s self-esteem ?

For example completing schoolwork , being bullied or not having friends , sibling rivalry or parents arguing .

What happens when a child faces the factor that can lower self-esteem ?

Children facing these problems become Pessimistic about themselves and life, in general they become easily frustrated and are permanently frustrated at problems .