Wk 6: Democracy and Democratization

Plural democracy

Competition between elites, representation via parties. Advanced by Dahl.

Polyarchy

A form of government in which power lies with multiple people. Contestation and Inclusion are key components. (Dahl)

Modernization theory

"All good things go together."

Genetic model of democracy

Democracy more likely to emerge when GDP increases.

Survival model of democracy

Democracy more likely to survive when GDP increases.

Third Wave of Democracy

1974-1990: over thirty countries in southern Europe, Latin America, East Asia, and Eastern Europe shifted from authoritarian to democratic regimes.

Performance legitimacy

Govt. relies on accomplishing concrete goals such as economic growth, social stability, and strengthening national power to retain its legitimacy.

Apartheid

A South African institutionalized policy of racial segregation from 1948 to the early 1990s.

African National Congress

A social-democratic political party in South Africa whose main goal was to fight against apartheid through violent means.

F.W. DeKlerk

State President of South Africa from 1989 to 1994, banned apartheid and introduced universal suffrage.

Nelson Mandela

South African anti-apartheid revolutionary, statesman and philanthropist who served as President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999, first Black head of state.

Pacted transition

Moderate members of a weakened authoritarian regime negotiate the conditions of a transition with moderate leaders of a pro-democracy movement.