chapter 1 A&P I test

which of the following organs is not contained within the abdominal cavity?

ovary

visceral pericardium is located

on the heart itself

when body temperature rises, a center in the brain initiates physiological changes to decrease the body temperature. This is an example of…

negative feedback

all of the following are structures of the cardiovascular system, except

the spleen

the common term for the carpal region is the

wrist

homeostatic regulation usually involves a(n) ________ that detects a particular stimulus, and a(n) ________ that responds to the stimulus by communicating with a(n) ________ whose activity has an effect on the same stimulus.

receptor; control center (integrating center); effector

which organ system provides support, protection of soft tissue, mineral storage, and blood formation?

skeletal

what is the primary function of kidneys?

form and concentrate urine

which type of cells carry oxygen and carbon dioxide?

red blood cells

which organ system removes carbon dioxide from the bloodstream?

respiratory

which of the following tissues fills internal spaces and provides structural support?

connective tissue

define the term biology

study of life

the serous membrane covering the stomach and most of the intestines is called the

peritoneum

what is human A&P?

the field of human anatomy & physiology

the integrating center for the negative feedback loop that regulates body temperature is the

brain

anatomy is to ________ as physiology is to ________.

structure; function

if a response decreases a disturbance, the system is classified as a ________ feedback system.

negative

the urinary bladder is found in the ________ quadrant and the ________ quadrant.

right lower; left lower

the tendency for physiological systems to stabilize internal conditions is called

homeostasis

our understanding of how the human body works is based on a knowledge of which level(s) of organization?

knowledge about each level contributes to our total understanding of how the body works

which type of cells recycle the calcium and phosphate stored there?

bone cells

in the anatomical position, describe an anterior view and a posterior view.

in anatomical position, anterior view shows the subject's face, whereas a posterior view shows the subject's back.

________ is the study of tissue structures.

histology

name the simplest level of organization that includes the smallest living units in the body.

cellular level

in what country was cadaver-based anatomy established as a discipline studied by medical professionals?

italy

the common name for the patellar region is the

kneecap

because the anatomy and physiology of the body's structures are interrelated, it is often said that "form determines ________.

function

try this experiment. Pick one of the two examples, cover up the text, and focus solely on the art. What did you discover?

the text-art integration is important for understanding what was described

describe the basic processes in humans and other animals.

respiration, digestion, circulation, and excretion

what is the purpose of directional and sectional terms?

directional and sectional terms are used because they provide a standardized frame of reference for describing the human body.

the right pleural cavity contains the

right lung

which gastrointestinal organ is responsible for bile secretion and regulation of blood nutrient composition?

liver

hat type of section would separate (1) the two eyes? (2) the nose and two ears? (3) the neck and naval?

(1) sagittal (or mid-sagittal, if along midline); (2) frontal; (3) transverse, or horizontal

a cut parallel to the midsagittal plane would produce a ________ section.

parasagittal

the heart is ________ to the lungs.

medial

which of the following is arranged in correct order from the most complex to the simplest?

organism, system, organ, tissue, cellular, molecular

distinguish between growth and development.

growth refers to an increase in size. development refers to changes in structures and functions as the organism grows.

which two organ systems are involved with circulation within the body?

cardiovascular & lymphatic systems

the central principle of physiology is

homeostasis

which of the following tissues covers and protects exposed surface areas of the body?

epithelial tissue

the appendix contains tables of the normal physiological values regarding dissolved materials in various body fluids. most of these values are listed as ranges, rather than averages. why?

homeostatic control is not precise, and normal ranges are not fixed with absolute values.

elimination of excess water, salts, and waste products are functions of the ________ system.

urinary

a midsagittal section would pass through the

heart

which languages are the source of many modern anatomical terms?

latin & greek

contrast the descriptions used by clinicians and anatomists when referring to the positions of injuries or internal organs of the abdomen and pelvis.

clinicians base their descriptions on four abdominopelvic quadrants, whereas anatomists use nine abdominopelvic regions.

define organ

2 or more tissues working to perform several functions

describe a person in the anatomical position.

a person in anatomical position is standing erect, facing the observer, arms at the sides with the palms facing forward, and the feet together.

the chin is ________ to the nose.

inferior

a massage therapist often begins a massage by asking clients to lie face down with their arms at their sides. Which anatomical term describes that position?

prone

which of the following organs is located between the peritoneum and the body wall?

kidney