Chapter 25 - Bleeding

aorta

main artery that receives blood from the left ventricle and delivers it to all the other arteries

arterioles

smallest branches of arteries leading to the vast network of capillaries

artery

a blood vessel, consisting of three layers of tissue and smooth muscle, carries away from heart

capillaries

small blood vessels that connect arterioles and venules

coagulation

formation of clots to plug openings injured blood vessels

contusion

bruise from an injury that causes bleeding beneath the skin

ecchymosis

buildup of blood beneath the skin that produces a characteristic blue/black discoloration

epistaxis

nosebleed

hematemesis

vomiting of blood

hematoma

a mass of blood that has collected within damaged tissue beneath the skin

hematuria

blood in the urine

hemophilia

hereditary condition where blood doesn’t clot normally

hemoptysis

coughing up of blood

hemorrhage

bleeding

hemostatic dressing

a dressing with a chemical compound that slows or stops bleeding

hypoperfusion

circulatory system fails to provide sufficient circulation

hypovolemc shock

low blood volume leads to low perfusion

junctional tourniquet

device that provides proximal compression of severe bleeding near axial or inguinal junction

melena

stool with blood

open-book pelvic fracture

life-threatening fracture of the pelvis caused by a force that displaces one or both sides of the pelvis

pelvic binder

device to the splint the bony pelvis to reduce hemorrhage from bone ends

perfusion

circulation of oxygenated blood

shock

circulatory system fails to provide sufficient circulation

tourniquet

bleeding control method used when wound continues to bleed despite the use of direct pressure

vasoconstriction

narrowing of a blood vessel

veins

blood vessels that carry blood from the tissues to the heart

venules

very small, thin walled blood vessels