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botany, dr. kohnen
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PAR
photosynthetically active radiation
only small percentage of incident light is useful for photosynthesis
400-700 nm
approximate range of useful wavelength
sun leaf
develops under high light conditions
thick, multiple palisade layers
shade leaf
develops in shade
thin, more chlorophyll
epidermis
cells are clear, have no chloroplasts to let light pass through
lens-shaped

palisade layer
can be multiple of these

spongy later
irregular cell surfaces

paraheliotropic
bending away from the sun
diaheliotropic
bending toward the sun to receive the most light
light passing through vacuoles
passes through into lower cells by bouncing off its sides