CONTEMP: Globalization Definition, Theories, & Ideology

• is the word used to describe the growing independence of the world’s economies, cultures, and populations brought about by cross-border trade in goods and services, tech, and flows of investment, people, and information

Globalization

• The interconnectedness of human beings, brought about by technological changes, modern transportation, and communication technology.

Globalization

WHO? Globalization is a concept that “refers both to the compression of the world and the intensification of consciousness of the world as a whole

Robertson

WHO? Globalization is the compression of time and space and the annihilation of distance

Harvey

• It creates a borderless society (Virtual) Nobody could stop us from connecting other parts of the world.

Harvey

WHO? Globalization is a process of interactions and integration among people companies and governments of different nations, a process driven by international trade and investment and aided by information technology

Sunny Levin Institute

theoretical paradigms of globalization

1. World Systems

2. Global Capitalism

3. The Network Society of School of Thought

4. Space, time and globalization

5. Transationality and Transnationalism

6. Global Culture

views globalization not as a recent phenomenon but as virtually synonymous with the birth and spread of World Capitalism. (Wallerstein)`

World Systems

tend to see globalization as a novel stage in the evolving system of World Capitalism “Capitalist Globalization”

Global Capitalism

capitalism does not fuel globalization but technology and technological change as the underlying cause of globalization. (Castell)

The Network Society of School of Thought

processes and are defined broadly as the multiple ties and interactions economic, political, social and cultural- that link people, communities and institutions across the borders of nation-states.

Transnationality

is an umbrella concept encompassing a wide variety of transformative processes, practices and developments that take place simultaneously at a local and global level

Transnationalism

emphasize the rapid growth of the mass media and resultant global cultural flows and images in recent decades evoking the image famously put forth by Marshal McLuhan of the “the global village”.

Global Culture

In the absence of a generally accepted definition, Steger explains that GLOBALIZATION has been commonly understood either as a ???. (Steger, Ideologies of Globalization)

PROCESS, CONDITION, and IDEOLOGY

As a ?, Globalization is viewed as a multidimensional set of social processes that create, multiply, stretch, and intensify worldwide social interdependencies and exchanges while at the same time fostering in people a growing awareness of deepening connections between the local and the distant.

process

As a ? Steger used the term “GLOBALITY” to signify a future social condition characterized by thick economic, political, and cultural interconnections and global flows that make currently existing political borders and economic barriers irrelevant.

Condition

As a ? Steger In support of his view that globalization is a political belief system that benefits a certain class,

Ideology

Steger used the line of reasoning of another globalization scholar, ?, by following the latter’s 3 Criteria in determining an ideology

Michael Freeden

3 criteria in determining an ideology

1. Degree of uniqueness and morphological sophistication

2. Context-bound responsiveness to broad range of political issues

3. Produce effective conceptual DECONTESTATION CHAINS

The distinctiveness and complexity of the concepts (because science continuously evolves, Ex: Food and NuTRITION WAS ADDED IN UST - even programs evolve)

Degree of uniqueness and morphological sophistication

Relevance of the concept to political issues

Context-bound responsiveness to broad range of political issues

a crucial process in formation of thought systems because it specifies the meanings of the core concepts by arranging them in a ‘pattern’ or ‘configuration’ that links them with other concepts in a meaningful way

decontestation

According to Steger, “effective decontestation structures can thus be pictured as simple ? whose conceptual links convey authoritative meanings that facilitate collective decision-making.

semantic chains

Steger refers to them as - endow thought systems with specific meanings that benefit particular social groups.

ideological or core claims

Steger’s 6 Core Claims (Decontestation Chains):

1. Globalization is about the Liberalization and Global Integration of Markets

2. Globalization is Inevitable and Irreversible

3. Nobody is in Charge of Globalization

4. Globalization Benefits Everyone in the Long Run

5. Globalization further the Spread of Democracy

6. Globalization requires a Global War on Terror