Enzymes Biology exam revision

Flashcards covering enzymes, their functions, and related concepts.

Enzymes

Proteins that act as biological catalysts to speed up the rate of reactions.

Substrate

The molecule that an enzyme binds to.

Metabolism

The sum of all chemical reactions occurring in cells.

Activation Energy

The amount of energy needed to kick-start a biochemical reaction.

Substrate

Enzymes are very specific to which they can bind to.

If there is more enzyme available than substrate

The reaction will proceed more slowly until you add more substrate.

Too hot

Enzyme becomes denatured and permanently damaged.

Too cold

Enzyme is still functional

To drastic a change in pH

Will cause the enzyme to denature

Induced fit model

Enzyme or substrate changes shape slightly

Catabolic

Digestion, cellular respiration

Anabolic

Photosynthesis, DNA synthesis, and muscle growth

Amylase

Starch is a substrate of which enzyme?

Maltase

Maltose

Sucrase

Sucrose

Lipase

Lipids (Fats)

Pepsin

Proteins

Catalase

Hydrogen Peroxide

Catalase

Breaks down toxic hydrogen peroxide in the body

Rennin

To curdle or coagulate milk in the stomach

Rennin substrate

Soluble casein (milk protein)

Rennin products

Insoluble casein (curdled milk)