Leader and Management KMA (Midterms)

This is the foundation of all effective communication. It involves fully concentrating on what is being said, rather than just passively “hearing”.

Active Listening

This is the ability to express your feelings, needs, and ideas in a direct, honest, and respectful manner, without violating the rights of others

Assertive Communication

Conflict resolution styles;

• Ignoring the conflict in the hopes it will go away.

Avoiding

Conflict resolution styles;

• Giving in to the other person’s wishes to maintain harmony.

Accommodating

Conflict resolution styles;

• Using power to win, often at the expense of others.

Competing

Conflict resolution styles;

• Both parties give up something to reach middle ground

Compromising

Conflict resolution styles;

• Working together to find a solution that satisfies both parties’ needs.

• This is the most effective style for long-term resolution.

Collaborating

Involves a neutral third party (the manager) facilitating a discussion to help the disputing parties reach their own resolution.

Mediation

Is a dialogue between two or more parties to resolve a conflict or find a mutually aggreable solution.

Negotiation

These are evidence-based tools used to match nursing resources to patient needs in real time.

Patient Acuity Systems

In this model, one RN is responsible for a patient’s total care throughout the shift.

Total Patient Care (Primary Nursing)

Is a complex process with multiple, often objectives, such as minimizing cost while maximizing nurse satisfaction.

Scheduling

In this model, a dedicated office manages all scheduling.

Centralized Scheduling

A repeating scheduling pattern that offer predictability.

Cyclical Scheduling

Is a formal, systematic, evaluation of an employee’s work.

Performance Appraisal

Evaluate nurses using specific, observable behaviors rather than broad traits.

Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scales (BARS)

Collects input from managers, peers, and team members.

360-Degree Feedback

What are the key dimensions of quality? (SEPTEE)

• Safety

• Effectiveness

• Patient - Centeredness

• Timeliness

• Efficiency

• Equity

The attributes of the setting in which care is delivered.

Structure

The delivery of care itself, focusing on adherence to clinical activities and protocols.

Process

Is the foundation model used in nursing institutions to assess.

Donabedian Frameworks

A cyclical, small-scale testing method designed for rapid learning and incremental change.

Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA)

Focuses on optimizing value to the patient by identifying and relentlessly eliminating non-value added steps, known as waste.

LEAN

Waste Categories under LEAN (WIMD)

• Waiting

• Inventory

• Motions

• Defects

A data-driven methodology aimed at eliminating defects and reducing process variation to achieve near-perfect results.

Six Sigma (DMAIC)

Five steps of Six Sigma model; (DMAIC)

• Define

• Measure

• Analyze

• Improve

• Control

Which law emphasizes improving quality access, requiring all healthcare providers to adhere to defined clinical practice guidelines to ensure effectiveness and quality.

Universal Health Care (11223)

Is central to nursing practice and is guided by foundational moral principles.

Ethical Decision - Making

For a patient to successfully sue for malpractice, which four elements must be proven? (DBCD)

• Duty (professional obligation)

• Breach of duty (Failure to meet standards of care)

• Causation (Direct injury)

• Damages (Actual harm)

What are the five right of delegation? (DTPCS)

• Right Direction

• Right Task

• Right Person

• Right Circumstance

• Right Supervision

Assigning a staff member (including other RNs) to care for a patient when they are not competent or available to handle the acuity.

Negligent Assignment

What is nurse’s primary role in informed consent?

• Witness (Signature)

• Confirm Understanding (Assess Comprehension)

• Advocate (No Coercion)

The specialty that integrates nursing science with multiple information and analytical sciences.

Nursing Informatics

They are embedded tools that aid the nurse in applying evidenced-based practice.

Clinical Decision Support (CDS)

Broad term encompassing all forms of remote care delivery.

Telehealth

Involves examining raw data to draw conclusion, especially regarding patterns, trends, and quality metrics.

Data Analytics

It is the systematic process of transitioning an organization’s existing methods and goals to a new desired state.

Change Management

This model views organizational change as a movement from one equilibrium to another.

Lewin’s Three Step Model

What are the steps in Lewin’s Three Step Model?

• Unfreeze (Preparation)

• Change (Implementation)

• Refreeze (Stabilizing)

Is a comprehensive, sequential framework designed for large-scale, complex and high-impact organizational transformation.

Kotter’s Eight Step Process

Is natural and expected; it often signals fear, rather than malice.

Resistance

Is the successful implementation of creative ideas within an organization, leading to improved quality and effectiveness.

Innovation

What are the steps in Donabedian’s Framework?

• Structure

• Process

• Outcome

If a nurse commits a human error. What response is given?

Console

If a nurse commits an unnecessary risk, because of their risky behavior. What response is given?

Coaching

If a nurse commits conscious disregard of substantial risk. What response is given?

Punishment

Type of communication where it isn't necessarily what you say, but how you say it.

Paraverbal Communication

This is what someone wants (e.g., I want Sundays off).

Position

• This is why someone wants something (e.g., “I need Saturday off because my sister is getting married”.)

• Alternatives can be identified once this is found.

Interest

Formal mechanism for employees to raise concerns and seek resolution.

Grievance

Type of data analytics that answers “What Happened?”

Descriptive

Type of data analytics that answers “What Might Happen?”

Predictive

Type of data analytics that answers “What Should We Do?”

Prescriptive