A2.2 Cell Structure

studied byStudied by 0 people
0.0(0)
learn
LearnA personalized and smart learning plan
exam
Practice TestTake a test on your terms and definitions
spaced repetition
Spaced RepetitionScientifically backed study method
heart puzzle
Matching GameHow quick can you match all your cards?
flashcards
FlashcardsStudy terms and definitions

1 / 36

encourage image

There's no tags or description

Looks like no one added any tags here yet for you.

37 Terms

1
What is the basic structural unit of all living organisms?
Cells are the basic structural unit of all living organisms.
New cards
2
What is magnification in microscopy?
Magnification = measured length / actual length
New cards
3
What is resolution in microscopy?
Resolution is the ability of a microscope to distinguish the details of a specimen or sample.
New cards
4
What does cryogenic electron microscopy allow scientists to do?
View proteins and other biomolecules that do not readily crystallize.
New cards
5
What is freeze-fracture electron microscopy used for?
Examining the ultrastructure of rapidly frozen biological samples.
New cards
6
What are fluorescent stains used for in light microscopy?
Visualizing specific proteins or antigens in cells or tissues.
New cards
7
What is homeostasis in unicellular organisms?
The maintenance of internal conditions within a narrow range.
New cards
8
What is metabolism?
The complex network of interdependent and interacting chemical reactions occurring in living organisms.
New cards
9
What is the function of ribosomes?
Protein synthesis.
New cards
10
What do eukaryotic cells have that prokaryotic cells do not?
A nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
New cards
11
What is the main component of the plasma membrane?
A phospholipid bilayer.
New cards
12
What is turgor pressure?
The force within the cell that pushes the plasma membrane against the cell wall.
New cards
13
What are meristematic tissues in plants?
Tissues containing undifferentiated cells capable of differentiating into specialized cells.
New cards
14
What does the endosymbiotic theory propose?
That eukaryotes evolved from a common unicellular ancestor through a process involving engulfment of prokaryotic cells.
New cards
15
What type of cells do not have a nucleus?
Red blood cells and phloem sieve tube elements.
New cards
16
What is the role of mitochondria?
Produce ATP by aerobic respiration.
New cards
17
What is the significance of the Golgi apparatus?
Modifies proteins received from the rough endoplasmic reticulum and packages them for secretion.
New cards
18
What are the characteristics of chloroplasts?
Contain chlorophyll and carry out photosynthesis.
New cards
19
What is the key difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic chromosomes?
Prokaryotic chromosomes are not associated with proteins and are found in the nucleoid region.
New cards
20
What is a key feature of eukaryotic cells?
They have multiple membrane-bound organelles.
New cards
21
What is one advantage of being multicellular?
Specialized tissues allow for more efficient use of resources.
New cards
22
What do stem cells differentiate into?
Specialized cells with specific functions.
New cards
23
What do ribosomes look like in micrographs?
They appear as spherical dots with a dark center.
New cards
24
What is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
Site for protein synthesis.
New cards
25
Why is the plasma membrane important for a cell?
Controls what enters and exits the cell.
New cards
26
What structure surrounds the prokaryotic cell?
The peptidoglycan cell wall.
New cards
27
What is the sap vacuole's main function in plants?
Stores nutrients and wastes, and maintains turgor pressure.
New cards
28
What is excretion in the context of unicellular organisms?
The removal of metabolic waste.
New cards
29
What do different colored fluorescent stains allow scientists to do?
Label different molecules to study interactions between them.
New cards
30
What are integral proteins?
Proteins that span the phospholipid bilayer in cell membranes.
New cards
31
What is a characteristic shared by both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Both have a plasma membrane.
New cards
32
What is the function of smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
Production of lipids and detoxification of harmful substances.
New cards
33
How are chloroplasts and mitochondria similar to prokaryotic cells?
They reproduce through binary fission and have a similar size.
New cards
34
What type of microscopy helps visualize dynamic processes in living tissue?
Immunofluorescence.
New cards
35
What do eukaryotic cells utilize for energy production?
Mitochondria.
New cards
36
What is one role of the nucleus in a eukaryotic cell?
Contains the chromosomes and genetic information.
New cards
37
What do microvilli do in animal cells?
Increase the surface area for transport of materials.
New cards

Explore top notes

note Note
studied byStudied by 98 people
693 days ago
5.0(4)
note Note
studied byStudied by 241 people
678 days ago
5.0(2)
note Note
studied byStudied by 13 people
833 days ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 52 people
787 days ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 33 people
425 days ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 9 people
169 days ago
5.0(2)
note Note
studied byStudied by 41 people
709 days ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 100 people
760 days ago
5.0(2)

Explore top flashcards

flashcards Flashcard (112)
studied byStudied by 55 people
302 days ago
5.0(2)
flashcards Flashcard (198)
studied byStudied by 1 person
182 days ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (24)
studied byStudied by 34 people
759 days ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (47)
studied byStudied by 1 person
39 days ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (137)
studied byStudied by 301 people
567 days ago
4.5(4)
flashcards Flashcard (308)
studied byStudied by 7 people
832 days ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (35)
studied byStudied by 2 people
303 days ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (334)
studied byStudied by 88 people
23 days ago
5.0(2)
robot