TOPIC 2 People in Business flashcards

People in Business flashcards

Motivation

The reason employees want to work effectively and efficiently for the business

Wage

A payment for work done, it is usually paid weekly

Time rate

The amount paid to an employee for one hour of work

Salary

Payment for work done and usually paid monthly

Bonus

An additional amount of payment above basic pay as a reward for good work

Commission

A payment made relating to the number of sales

Profit sharing

A system whereby a proportion of the company's profit are paid out to employees

Job satisfaction

The enjoyment derived from sensing that a job has been done well

Job rotation

Involves workers swapping around and doing each specific task for only a limited time and then changing around again

Jog enrichment

Involves looking at jobs and adding tasks that require more responsibility

Team-working

Involves using groups of workers and allocating specific tasks and responsibilities to them

Training

The process of improving a worker's skills

Promotion

The advancement of an employee in an organisation

Organisational structure

The levels of management and divisions of responsibilities within in an organisation

Organisational chart

Refers to a diagram that outlines the internal management structure

Hierarchy

Refers to the levels of management in any organisation, from the highest to the lowest

Level of hierachy

Refers to managers, supervisors,other employees who are given a similar level of responsibilities in an organisation

Chain of command

The structure in an organisation which allows information to be passed from senior to lower levels of management

Span of control

The number of subordinates working directly under a manager

Directors

Senior managers who lead a particular department or a division of a business

Line managers

Have direct responsibility for people below them in the hierarchy of an organisation

Supervisors

Junior managers who have direct control over the employees below them in the organisational structure

Staff managers

Specialists who provide support , information and assistance to line managers

Delegation

Means giving a subordinate the authority to perfom particular tasks

Leadership styles

The different approaches to dealing with people and making decisions when in apposition of authority

Autocratic leadership

The leader holds full control and makes all choices without input from other employees

Democratic leadership

gets other employees involved in the decision -making process

Laissez-faire leadership

Sets out general goals for the team, then allows them to decide how to achieve them independently

Recruitment

The process of identifying a need for new staff and attracting applications

Selection

Focuses on assessing and choosing the best candidate for the organisation’s requirements

Job analysis

Identifies and records the responsibilities and tasks relating to a job

Job description

Outlines the responsibilities of and duties to be carried out by someone employed to do a specific job

Job specification

A document that outlines the requirements, qualifications, expertise and characteristics for a specified job

Internal recruitment

When a vacancy is filled by someone who is an existing employee of the business

External recruitment

When a vacancy is filled by some one who is new to the business

Induction training

An introduction for a new employee to explain the business

On-the-job-training

Training provided at the workplace

Off-the-job training

Training conducted outside the workplace environment

Workforce planning

Establishing the workforce needed by the business for the foreseeable future in terms of the number and skills of employees required

Dismissal

When employment is ended against the will of the employee, usually for not working according to the employment contract

Redundancy

When the employee is no longer needed and so loses their job

Contract of employment

A legal agreement between an employer and an employee, listing the rights and responsibilities of workers

Communication

The transferring of a message from the sender to the receiver who understands the message

Message

The information or instructions being passed by the sender to the receiver

Internal communication

Communication between members of the sender to the receiver

External communication

Communication between the organization and other organizations or individuals

Transmitter/sender

The person starting off the process by sending the message

Medium of communication

The method used to send a message

Receiver

The person who receives the message

Feedback

The reply from the receiver which shows whether the message has arrived, been understood, and if necessary, acted upon

One-way communication

Involves a message which does not call for or require a response

Two-way communication

When the receiver gives a response to the message and there is a discussion about it

Formal communication

When messages are sent through established channels using professional language

Informal communication

When information is sent and received casually using everyday language

Communication barriers

Factors that stop the effective communication of messages