bio 101 exam topic a-d chapters 1-6
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40 Terms
What is the smallest unit of an element?
Cell
the fundamental unit of life?
Cell
What is the primary source of energy for most life on Earth?
The Sun
Homeostasis refers to:
The maintenance of internal stability
Sexual reproduction is considered more successful than asexual reproduction because it:
Increases genetic diversity
Which domain includes organisms with a nucleus?
Eukarya
What is the correct order of the taxonomic hierarchy?
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
A hypothesis is:
A testable prediction
An example of a non-testable question is:
What is the purpose of life?
What is matter?
Anything that has mass and takes up space
Which four elements are most abundant in living cells?
Oxygen, Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen
The atomic number of an element refers to
The number of protons
What defines an isotope?
Atoms with the same number of protons but different neutrons
On the pH scale, a substance with a pH of 2 is:
Acidic
Proteins are made of:
Amino acids
The cell theory states that:
All organisms are made of one or more cells
The cytoplasm includes:
The cytosol and all cell components
Which type of cells do NOT have a nucleus?
Bacteria
Which organelle is responsible for producing ATP?
Mitochondria
Which organelle carries out photosynthesis?
Chloroplast
Which of the following structures is found only in plant cells?
Cell wall
The function of ribosomes is to:
Store nutrients
The first law of thermodynamics states that:
Energy cannot be created or destroyed
Which reaction releases energy?
Exergonic
What is ATP composed of?
Adenine, ribose, three phosphate groups
In which organelle does cellular respiration occur?I
Mitochondria
The equation C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + 36 ATP represents:
Cellular respiration
What is the main function of photosynthesis?
Store energy in glucose
What is the main function of photosynthesis?
Store energy in glucose
Gas exchange in leaves occurs through:
Stomata
Which macromolecule stores genetic information?
Nucleic acids
The main function of lysosomes is to:
Break down waste
The Golgi apparatus is responsible for:
Modifying and packaging proteins
Which kingdom includes fungi?
Fungi
What is the function of a vacuole in plant cells?
Store water
What is the primary function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (Smooth ER)?
Lipid synthesis and detoxification
Which of the following best describes entropy?
The measure of disorder in a system
Which of the following organisms are autotrophs?
Plants
Why do plants perform both photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
To produce glucose and convert it into ATP
What type of chemical bond involves the sharing of electrons?
Covalent bond