CHAPTER 6: INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

skin

What is the primary organ of the integumentary system?

Hair follicles, sebaceous glands, sweat glands, and nails are epidermal derivatives.

What are the epidermal derivatives associated with the integumentary system?

What type of epithelium makes up the epidermis?

The epidermis is made up of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium.

What are the main functions of the skin?

Protection, excretion, regulation of body temperature, sensory reception, immunity, synthesis of Vitamin D, and acting as a blood reservoir.

What are the two distinct layers of the skin?

Epidermis (outer layer) and dermis (inner layer) compose the skin.

What does the stratum corneum consist of?

It consists of dead epithelial cells filled with the protein keratin.

What is the function of melanin?

Melanin determines skin color and protects DNA from UV radiation.

What layer is located beneath the skin and provides insulation?

The subcutaneous layer, which consists mainly of adipose tissue.

What are the characteristics of merocrine (eccrine) glands?

They respond to elevated temperatures, produce odorless secretion, and function throughout life.

What is the function of sebaceous glands?

Sebaceous glands secrete sebum to keep skin and hair soft, pliable, and waterproof.

What is the indicator of skin color when a lack of hemoglobin is present in dermal blood vessels?

Cyanosis, which causes a blue tint to the skin.

What are the sensory receptors responsible for light touch detection?

Meissner's Corpuscles are responsible for light touch detection.

What occurs in the dermis regarding sweat and sebum?

Eccrine glands secrete a watery fluid, while sebaceous glands secrete sebum (oil).

What happens to the number of sweat glands with aging?

number of sweat glands changes and their efficiency declines with age.

What are signs of aging skin?

Wrinkling, sagging, and age spots or liver spots.