Week 1 Pathology

General Pathology

Processes and mechanisms of disease

Systemic Pathology

Organ based study of specific diseases

Clinicopathological Correlation

Matching symptoms to medical history to produce a diagnosis

Lesion

Abnormality in structure or function

Epidemiology

Patterns of disease within a population

Aetiology + CHINPIG

Causes of disease
Chemical, Hypoxia, Infection, Nutrition, Physical, Immunology, Genetic

Pathogenesis

How a causative agent produces morphological effects

Complication

Lesion producing another lesion

Prognosis

likely outcome of an individual

Natural History

course of untreated disease

Dysplasia

disordered cell development - reversible

Neoplasia

Abnormal cell proliferation

Metaplasia

Adaptive replacement of cell type

Effects of Injury (3)

1. biochemical lesion

2. functional abnormality as a dominant effect

3. non-specific morphological changes

Biochemical Targets (4)

1. Aerobic respiration

2. Membrane integrity

3. Proteins

4. DNA

Cellular Damage Process (3)

1. Cell Swelling

2. Intra/Extracellular Accumulations

3. Cell Death

Aptosis

Cell breaks down into individual components to be consumed by macrophages

Necrosis

Programmed cell death where contents leak out, causing inflammation

Coagulative Necrosis

Cell outline remains

Liquefactive Necrosis

Nerves and brain are broken down into a liquid-like state by enzymes

Caseous

Accumulation of cheese-like substances