The Scientific Revolution

Scientific Revolution

A major transformation in scientific thought during the 16th and 17th centuries that challenged the ideas of ancient scholars, particularly Aristotle.

Geocentric Theory

The astronomical theory that the Earth is the center of the universe and all celestial bodies revolve around it.

Copernicus

A Polish mathematician and astronomer who proposed the heliocentric theory that the Earth and other planets revolve around the Sun.

Galileo Galilei

An Italian astronomer who used the telescope to support the Copernican theory and observed the celestial bodies.

Isaac Newton

An English mathematician who formulated the laws of motion and universal gravitation, published in 'The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy'.

Analytic Geometry

A new kind of mathematics developed by Rene Descartes that uses algebra to describe geometric principles.

Scientific Method

A systematic process for investigating phenomena, acquiring new knowledge, or correcting and integrating previous knowledge.

Hindu-Arabic Numerals

The ten digits (0-9) originating from India and adopted by Europe that facilitate mathematical calculations.

Rene Descartes

A French philosopher who emphasized reasoning and is known for the statement 'I think therefore I am'.

Elliptical Orbits

The paths that planets travel around the Sun, as discovered by Johannes Kepler, which are not perfect circles.

On the Structure of the Human Body

A book published by Andreas Vesalius in 1543 that detailed discoveries in human anatomy.

Blood Circulation

The process by which blood is pumped by the heart throughout the body, discovered by William Harvey.

Cells

The smallest structural unit of living organisms, discovered by Robert Hooke using a microscope.

Pasteurization

A process developed by Louis Pasteur to eliminate harmful bacteria in food and drink.

Law of Gravity

A principle formulated by Isaac Newton explaining the attraction between objects; increases as they move closer.

X-ray

A form of electromagnetic radiation discovered by Wilhelm Konrad Roentgen, used for medical diagnosis.

Barometer

An instrument invented by Torricelli to measure atmospheric pressure.

Electric Battery

A device for storing electric energy, developed by Alessandro Volta.

Principle of Relativity

The theory proposed by Albert Einstein that describes the relationship between space and time, matter and energy.