Mid-Term

In the Northern Hemisphere, when an object is traveling north, the obejct will be deflected to the _____ and when traveling to the south the object will be deflected to the _____

right, right

In the Southern Hemispherem, when an object is traveling north, the object will be delfected to the _____, and when traveling to the south the object will be defelected to the ____

Left, Left

The faster an object travels, the ____ the Coriolis effect will be. Also, the more poleward an object is located the ____ the Coriolis effect will be.

Stronger, Stronger

Hurrican

Low pressure systems, with winds going counterclockwise the eye in the Northern Hem. and clockwise in the Southern Hem

typhoon

A mature tropical cyclone that forms in the Western Pacific Ocean. Rotating counterclockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere.

cyclone

A storm system characterized by a center of low pressure, with winds circulating around it and develop in the Indian ocean.

Streeing Winds

Wind currents that influence the movement and path of cyclones and hurricanes, affecting their trajectory and intensity.

Convection

Hot air rises, cold air sinks

ITCZ

Intertropical Convergance Zone.

The eye

Center of a hurricane. It is cloudless and has light winds.

The eye wall

where the winds are strongest and the rain are heaviest

Wind Barbs

A graphical representation used in meteorology to indicate wind speed and direction, where the length and number of lines on the barb represent wind intensity.

short —

= 5 kt

Triangle 

= 50 kt

long ——

= 10 kt 

Wind direction

is the direction from which the wind is blowing, typically measured in degrees from true north.

A decrease in the atmospheric pressure at the earths surfaces does what?

Air gets hot and begins to rise 

Which area would the air become hotter in the afternoon?

A parking lot with lots of balcktop pavment 

Above which area would you find the lowest air pressure?

The parking lot 

As air over the continent becomes hotter, it will begin to ____. This casues _____ pressure over the continent. The flow of air will be ___ the center of the continent 

Rise, lower, towards 

Warm air is light and rises =

low pressure

Cold air is heavy and sinks =

high pressure

Latent heat

the energy required to change the phase of a substance (forming/breaking bonds)

1 inch = ?

2.54 cm

1 km = ?

1000 m

1 m = ?

100 cm

Oh Hi Elephant Cartoon, Fun Trampolin?

Observation, Hypothesis, Experiment, Conclusion, Fact Theory

Observation

a person makes about an event or object

Hypothesis

Statement that explains the observation we have already made 

Fact

No flaws in the hypothesis

theory

a group of facts explaining a phenmenon 

Subtidal Environment

The area located below the low tide level.

Benthos

Organisms that live on or in the seafloor.

benthic

Pertaining to the seafloor.

Nekton

Organisms that are swimmers and can swim against a current.

Demersal

Organisms that can swim but prefer to lay on the bottom (example: flounder).

substrate

The surface upon which an organism grows (e.g., the bottom, a dock piling, rock).

pelagic

Pertaining to the waters of the ocean, as opposed to the bottom.

niche

The lifestyle or role an organism plays in an ecosystem.

competitive exclusion

The concept that more than one species cannot occupy exactly the same niche; one always outcompetes the other.

segmentation

Divided into similar sections (like an earthworm).

cilia

Hair-like projections used for locomotion.

photophore

A light-producing cell; used in bioluminescence.

Inferior & Subterminal Mouth Placement

Indicates an organism is a bottom feeder.

Terminal Mouth Placement

Indicates an organism eats prey located directly in front of it.

Superior Mouth Placement

Indicates an organism eats prey located above it.

Streamlined Body Shape

An adaptation for fast movement (example: tuna).

Flat Bellied / Horizontal Disk Body Shape

An adaptation for lying on the bottom (example: flounder).

Eel-like Body Shape

An adaptation for living in narrow spaces.

Caudal Fin (Tail)

Provides swimming ability; in sharks, it provides lift because they lack a swim bladder.

Radial Symmetry

An organism displays many lines of symmetry (examples: sea anemone, jellyfish).

Bilateral Symmetry

An organism displays one line of symmetry (examples: lobsters, clams, crabs).

Pentamerous Symmetry (Pentaradial)

An organism is divided into five identical sections (examples: starfish, sea urchins).

Countershading

A body coloration adaptation where an organism has a light belly (blends with surface when viewed from below) and a dark top (blends with bottom waters when viewed from above).

Mottled Body Color

A body coloration adaptation that helps an organism blend into rocks or the bottom.

Poster (Warning) Coloration

Bright patches on an organism's body to advertise its presence, often signaling toxicity or danger.

Bioluminescence

The production of light by living organisms, often using photophores (light organs), utilized for mating, attracting prey, scaring predators, or countershading.

Linnaean Classification

A hierarchical system for classifying organisms: Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species.

Porifera

A phylum including sponges; characterized by tiny pores for water intake, filter feeding, and lack of symmetry.

Arthropods

A phylum characterized by segmented bodies and jointed appendages.

Mollusca

A phylum including octopuses, clams, and squids; characterized by soft, un-segmented bodies, typically with an internal or external shell or a mantle.

Annelida

A phylum including segmented worms (example: Glycera blood worm).

Echinodermata

A phylum including starfish and sea urchins, often characterized by pentamerous symmetry.

Cnidaria

A phylum including sea anemones and jellyfish, typically displaying radial symmetry.

Hydrodynamic

reduces drag

Denticales

The specific type of scales that form a shark's rough skin