microbio (bio 271) case study 1

define emergent disease

new infectious disease within a population or one that has been present but is quickly increasing in incidence or geographic area

define Disease Occurrence

• used by public health officials to determine public health threats by monitoring disease case number, geographic locations and expected infection rate in the population

define Sporadic

dispersed cases with rare occurrence in a population

what are examples of sporadic diseases

• Tetanus

• Rabies

• Plague

define Endemic

disease always present at a baseline in a particular geographical region or population

what are examples of endemic diseases

• Malaria

• Common cold

• HIV

define Epidemic

 frequency of disease increases above expected number in a specific area and time frame

what are examples of epidemic diseases

• Lyme disease

• West Nile

• Polio

define pandemic

exponential number of infections covering multiple countries or geographical areas

what are examples of pandemic diseases

influenza, covid -19

define etiology

study of the cause of disease states

define ataxia

poor muslce control

define dysarthria

slurred/garbled speech

define epidemiologists

investigate physical, biological or chemical factors in the environment that can cause human disease