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Cell

The smallest unit of life, specialized to perform particular tasks.

Tissue

A group of cells working together to perform a specific function.

Organ

A group of tissues that carry out a function.

Organ system

Two or more organs working together to perform body functions.

Organism

A living individual that consists of organized systems and functions.

Endocrine System

Regulates body processes through hormone production.

Respiratory System

Responsible for gas exchange between the internal and external environment.

Nervous System

Controls thinking, memory, and body movements.

Cardiovascular System

Circulates blood which transports gases, nutrients, hormones, and wastes.

Digestive System

Converts food into simpler molecules for cellular use.

Immune System

Helps the body defend against disease.

Lymphatic System

Maintains fluid balance and helps fight infection.

Urinary System

Filters blood and excretes waste from the body.

Integumentary System

Provides protection against the external environment.

Muscular System

Produces movement and circulates blood.

Skeletal System

Supports the body and protects internal organs.

Homeostasis

The regulation and maintenance of a constant internal environment within the body.

Negative Feedback

Works to prevent an excessive response to a stimulus, returning levels to a set point.

Positive Feedback

Amplifies the initiating stimuli, moving the system away from its starting state.

Pathogens

Disease-causing microorganisms that can be transmitted via various means.

Antibody

A large Y-shaped protein used to identify specific pathogens, produced by white blood cells.

Antigen

A substance that induces an immune response.

Nephron

The functional unit of the kidney that produces urine.

Epithelial Tissue

Covers body surfaces and lines cavities.

Connective Tissue

Supports and binds other tissues and organs.

Muscle Tissue

Enables movement through contraction.

Nervous Tissue

Transmits impulses and processes information.

Glucose Homeostasis

The process of maintaining balanced glucose levels in the blood.

Fight or Flight Response

The body's physiological reaction to perceived harmful events, attacks, or threats.