Arts gay

arts gay

Honorific definition

focused on the qualities that make a work worthy of being called “art”, implies that art should be “good“ or “great“

Realism, expressionism, formalism

Theories under honorific definitions

Realism

art should be true as well as beautiful

Expressionism

expression of emotion rather than the truth

Formalism

concentrates on form and aesthetic qualities rather than content or intent

Classificatory Definitions

describe art in terms of what is accepted as art by communities or institutions. Raises questions about who decides what qualifies as ar; emphasizes role of" “artwolrd“ in conferring status as art

Institutional definitions

Articulated by theorists George Dickie and Arthur Danto, asserts that art is dependent on art institutions, theory, and history. emphasizes social context

Open definitions

term art is an open concept, points to examples and family resemblances

Realism

the stonebreakers by G. Courbet

Expressionism

The cream by E munch

Formalism

composition ii by piet mondrian

Classificatory

Starry Night by V Van Gogh

Institutional

Balloon Dog by J Koons

Open

Fountain by M Duchamp

mimesis

term used by plato to describe poetry

Kant

defined art in terms of representation, kant contrasted fine art with entertainment, emphasizing intellectual demands and intrinsic value

19th Century Shift

representation-based definitions were challenged. Artistic movements focused on expression and audience experience. Photography and instrumental music challenged the representational ideal. New definitions emerged: expression, formalist, aesthetic theories

Representation

outward focus nature, society

Expression

inward focus emotions, moods; lacks representation

Collingwood

art is clarifying emotion, work of art exist primarily in the minds of the artist and audience

Formalism

focuses on form, not representational content. Modernist. addressing value and appreciation.

Clive Bell

art has significant form, aesthetic emotion, line color 3d shape

Aesthetic definition

experienced valued for its own sake, from close attention to an object’s sensuous features

Antiessentialism

open-textured, art is not defined by a single function, no necessary/sufficient conditions for a real definition of art

Danto and Dickie

Mandelbaum’s critique of family resemblance, family resemblance invites definition

Danto

Art world, art and nonart perceptually indistinguishable, artwork requieres interpretation

Dickie

art world as an institution, artifact is a candidate for appreciation, artist is a person who participates in making a work of art.

Walton

art world systems can be defined historically

Davies

Art world is structured by roles and authority

Levinson

artworks are intentionally regarded in ways similar to how past artworks were correctly regarded

Stecker

historically functionalism, art forms and functions evolve over time

Consensus and skepticism

historicist views suggest a consensus on how art should be defined, but some still pursue simple functionalist definitions or are skeptical of any definition

Gesture

movement of artist’s hand/arm e.g. horizontal lines

Contour

defines outermost limits of a drawn/painted figure

Crosshatching

creating value by crossing group of parallel lines across another different

Implied line

lines not drawn at all

Thick lines

lines that give a sense of stability

Thin lines

appear more elegant, gentle or delicate

Pat Steir’s Summer Moon 2005

Horizontal

lines that indicate serenity and stability

Diagonal

lines means motion, agitation, instability

Vertical

lines that suggest poise and aspiration

Mel Bochner Vertigo

Joan Miro “Painting”

Henry De Tolouse-lautrec “Seated Dancer with Pink Stockings“

Shape

Geometric shapes are regular and ordered shapes using straigh lines and curves while organic shapes are generally irregular and oftern chaotic

Hans Arp “Untitled“

Mass/Volume

in a flat surface three dimensionality is conveyed thru chiaroscuro. As a form turns towards a light source it appears brighter and as it turns away from the light source it appears darker

Chiaroscuro

in a flat surface three dimensionality is conveyed through chiaroscuro

Man in Oriental Costume “Rembrandt“

Perspective

illusion of space on a flat surface, before 15th century illusion of space was created using 3 visual cues: Height scale overlap

Height Scale Overlap

creating of illusion in the 15th century using 3 visual cues

Christ pantocrator Deesis Mosaic by Hagia Sophia

Maesta By Duccio

Betrayal of christ by Giotto

Linear Perspective

based on regular geometric recession of space, uses vanishing point and horizon line

Orthogonal Lines

lines that appear to meet at the vanishing point an imply the regular recession of space

Atmospheric Perspective

illusion of distance through use of color and focus

Intuitive perspective

receding lines converge but does not recognize they converge at a single horizon line and vanishing point

Madonnaa Enthroned by Cimabue

Madonna Enthroned by Giotto

Texture

describes surface texture of artwork

Implied

primarily used in two-dimensional works of art

Actual

texture in the material used

Van Gogh “Shoes“

Color

most prominent element and is one of the most powerful and yet subjective elements in art.

Hue

color name

Value

Darkness to lightness of color

Local, observed, Intuitive

Different uses of color

Local

natural body color of object

Observed

perception of local color as light shifts on an object

Intuitive

expression power of color instead of local or observed color

Portrait of Madame Matisse

Rouen Cathedral by Matisse

Claude Monet Impression Sunrise

i dont fucking know

Monochromatic

uses single color

Complementary

colors opposite each other on the color wheel

Analogous

uses only one area of the color wheel

Old Guitarist by Picasso

Paul Gauguin’s Armchair

Jan Davidsz De Heem “Still Life With A glass and oysters“

Unity

elements of work or relations between the elements are similar/identical

Variety

elements of work are varied

Andy Warhol 100 cans

Scale/Proportion

size of elements both individually or in relation to other elements

Forced Perspective

arrangement of figure and ground that distorts the scale of objects; small objects appear large or large objects appear small

MC Escger Rippled Surface

Balance

equally visual weight usually thru lines and shapes

Symmetrical

lines and shapes are equally arranged around and axis or central line

Asymmetrical

when visual weights do not correspond to one another in shape, size or placement

Pietro Perugino Delivery of The Keys

Salvador Dali Sacrament of the last supper

Ma Yuan Walking on a Mountain Path in Spring

Katsushika Hokusai the Great Wave Off Shore at Kanagawa

Emphasis

intentional use of directional forces to move viewer’s attention through the artwork

change of color, line, positions

how to emphasis 3 ways

Vija Celmins

Pieter Bruegel the Elder fall of icarus

Marc Chagall “Fall of Icarus“