APUSH: Interwar Foreign Policy

Five-Power Treaty

\*Committed the US, Britain, Japan, France, and Italy to restricting construction of new battleship class ships

\*Pact gave Japan naval supremacy in the Pacific

Four-Power Treaty

1921. Treaty between the US, Great Britain, France, and Japan to maintain the status quo in the South Pacific, that no countries could seek further territorial gain.

Nine-Power Treaty

1922. Treaty that was essentially a reinvention of the Open Door Policy. All members to allow equal and fair trading rights with China. Signed by US, Japan, China, France, Great Britain, Italy, Belgium, Netherlands, and Portugal.

Kellogg-Briand Pact

Agreement signed in 1928 in which nations agreed not to pose the threat of war against one another

Dawes Plan

A plan to revive the German economy, the United States loans Germany money which then can pay reparations to England and France, who can then pay back their loans from the U.S. This circular flow of money was a success.

Stimson Doctrine

1932, Hoover's Secretary of State said the US would not recognize territorial changes resulting from Japan's invasion of Manchuria

Good-Neighbor Policy

FDR's foreign policy of promoting better relations w/Latin America by using economic influence rater than military force in the region

Nye Committee Report

formed to investigate whether or not munitions manufacturers and bankers were pro-war in WWI solely to make profit; increased anti-war atmosphere and push to pass Neutrality Acts

Neutrality Act of 1935

made it illegal for Americans to sell arms to any country at war

Neutrality Act of 1936

embargo with nations at war and it banned loans to the nations that were fighting

Neutrality Act of 1937

placed a arms trade embargo on Spain and extended the current embargo on Britain and France.

American First Committee

Organization created by isolationists who argued that the United States should keep out of Europe's business.

Quarantine Speech

1937 - In this speech Franklin D. Roosevelt compared Fascist aggression to a contagious disease, saying democracies must unite to quarantine aggressor nations. Isolationists were outraged at FDR's apparent move to appease internationalists.

Cash and Carry Policy

1939. Law passed by Congress which allowed a nation at war to purchase goods and arms in US as long as they paid cash and carried merchandise on their own ships. This benefited the Allies, because Britain was dominant naval power.

Selective Service Act

Law passed by Congress in 1917 that required all men from ages 21 to 30 to register for the military draft

Destroyers-for-Bases Deal

Roosevelt's compromise for helping Britain as he could not sell Britain US destroyers without defying the Neutrality Act; Britain received 50 old but still serviceable US destroyers in exchange for giving the US the right to build military bases on British Islands in the Caribbean.

Four Freedoms Speech

A speech by President Franklin Roosevelt on January 6, 1941 that proposed lending money to Britain for the purchase of U.S. military weapons. He argued that the U.S. must help other nations defend "four freedoms" (freedom of speech, freedom of religion, freedom from want, and freedom from fear).

Lend-Lease Act

allowed sales or loans of war materials to any country whose defense the president deems vital to the defense of the U.S

Atlantic Charter

1941-Pledge signed by US president FDR and British prime minister Winston Churchill not to acquire new territory as a result of WWII and to work for peace after the war

Shoot-on-Sight Policy

FDR ordered the U.S. Navy to escort British ships carrying Lend-Lease Materials. This policy allowed Navy to destroy German U Boats

This occurred after the US destroyer Greer was attacked by a U Boat