AMPT 4-5

Tonicize

To establish a chord as the tonic in a given context, typically by using a cadence or emphasizing the chord.

Secondary Dominant

A dominant chord that resolves to a chord other than the tonic, usually the V of a diatonic key.

Secondary Leading Tone

A leading tone that resolves to a non-tonic chord, often used to create tension and movement.

Chromaticism

The use of notes outside the diatonic scale of a piece, often to add color and complexity.

Nonessential Chromaticism

Chromatic notes that are not crucial to the harmonic structure; they add embellishment but can be omitted.

Essential Chromaticism

Chromatic notes that are vital to the melody or harmony and significantly impact the chord progression.

Diatonic

Relating to a scale or key that consists of notes within that particular scale without alterations.

Altered Chords

Chords that include one or more notes which have been raised or lowered from the original chord, creating tension.

Secondary functions

Chords that serve as a temporary dominant or leading tone for chords other than the tonic, indicating a shift in tonal focus.