UNIT 4 VOCAB FILE C1

abolish

(v) /əˈbɒlɪʃ/ do away with, put an end to a system or practice by law, not …. the law.: bãi bỏ [hoàn toàn]

• The unpopular tax was finally …some ten years ago.

• Welfare programs cannot be ….that quickly.

repeal

(v) /rɪˈpiːl/ put an end to a law, If a government ….a law, it causes that law no longer to have any legal force: bãi bỏ [ qui định, luật]

• The government decided to …. all anti-discrimination laws.

annul

(v) /əˈnʌl/ [often passive] to officially announce that something such as a law, agreement, or marriage is invalid no longer exists, something is not legally recognized: hủy bỏ, vô hiệu hóa ngay từ đầu

• His second marriage was …because he never divorced his first wife.

revoke

(V) /rɪˈvəʊk/ take back sth granted so that it is no longer legal or official: tước, thu hồi

• The authorities have …their original decision to allow development of this rural area.

• Your licence [diploma, order] may be ….at any time.

recall

(v) /rɪˈkɔːl/ to officially tell someone to come back to a place or group: triệu tập

• recall sb to sth: He was ….to military duty.

• The Ambassador was ….from Washington.

eradicate

(v) /ɪˈrædɪkeɪt/ to completely get rid of something such as a disease or a social problem: xóa bỏ

• ….something from something We are determined to ….racism from our sport.

• Many dreadful diseases have been ….

exterminate

(v) /ɪkˈstɜːmɪneɪt/ …somebody/something to kill all the members of a group of people or animals: diệt chủng

• The local tribes were… by the invading army.

• Staff use the poison to ….moles and rabbits.

banish

(v)

1. …somebody (from…) (to…) to order somebody to leave a place, especially a country, as a punishment: trục xuất, lưu vong = exile

   • He was …to Australia, where he died five years later.

   • He was …to an uninhabited island for a year.

2. to get rid of sth /ssb completely

   • …the memory/thought/image etc (of somebody/something)

annihilate

(v) /əˈnaɪəleɪt/ to destroy a place or a group of peple completely so that nothing is left by using weapons, bombs…: hủy diệt

• Man: nhân loại is in possession of such sophisticated weaponry that he could annihilate the entire human race

decimate

(v) /ˈdesɪmeɪt/ to kill large numbers of animals, plants or people in a particular area: tiêu diệt

• Populations of endangered animals have been ….

malnutrition

(n) /ˌmælnjuˈtrɪʃn/ a poor condition of health caused by a lack of food or a lack of the right type of food: suy dinh dưỡng

• Disease and … had decimated the local population.

beseech

(v) /bɪˈsiːtʃ/ …somebody (to do something) to ask somebody for something in an anxious way because you want or need it very much: cầu xin

• Stay a little longer, I …you!

solicit

(v) /səˈlɪsɪt/ to ask somebody for something, such as support, money or information; to try to get something or persuade somebody to do something

• …something (from somebody) They were planning to …funds from a number of organizations.

mere

(adj) /mɪə(r)/ used when you want to emphasize how small, unimportant, etc. somebody/something is: chỉ

• It took her a …20 minutes to win.

• A …2 per cent of their budget has been spent on publicity.

derogatory

(adj) /dɪˈrɒɡətri/ showing a critical attitude and lack of respect for somebody = insult: mang tính xúc phạm, hạ thấp

• Many people find this term …and racist.

• He made some …comment about her appearance.

• ….remarks/comments

nullify

(v) /ˈnʌlɪfaɪ/…something (formal or law) to make something such as an agreement or order lose its legal force: vô hiệu hóa

• The state death penalty law was …in 1977.

• Judges were unwilling to ….government decisions.

lawsuit

(n) ….(against somebody/something) a claim: khiếu nại or complaint against somebody that a person or an organization can make in court

• He filed a …against his record label: nộp đơn kiện

• to bring/settle: giải quyết/dismiss a …

divine

(adj) (old-fashion) /dɪˈvaɪn/ extremely good, pleasant, or enjoyable wonderful; beautiful

• We had a perfectly …time in Switzerland.

• Their new house is quite …!

acute

(adj) /əˈkjuːt/

1.…senses such as hearing, taste, touch etc are very good and sensitive: sắc sảo, nhạy bén

• Young children have a particularly …sense of smell.

2. If a bad situation is acute, it causes severe problems or damage: nghiêm trọng

   • She felt ….embarrassment/anxiety/concern at his behaviour.

   • The problem of poverty is particularly ….in rural areas.
     

pierce

(v) /pɪəs/ to make a small hole in something, or to go through something, with a sharp object: đâm thủng, xuyên qua

• …something The arrow …his shoulder.

• He …another hole in his belt with his knife.

• to have your ears/nose, etc. pierced (= to have a small hole made in your ears/nose, etc. so that you can wear jewellery there)

congenital

(Adj) /kənˈdʒenɪtl/ (of a disease or medical condition) existing since or before birth: bẩm sinh

• …abnormalities

• Children born to mothers who smoked were at risk of …heart disease.

congenial

(Adj) /kənˈdʒiːniəl/ (of a person) pleasant to spend time with because their interests and character are similar to your own: dễ chịu, thân thiện

• a …colleague

• …atmosphere/surroundings/environment

contiguous

(Adj) /kənˈtɪɡjuəs/ touching or next to something: tiếp giáp

• The countries are ….

• ….with/to something The bruising was not …to the wound.

snag

(N) /snæɡ/ (informal) a problem or difficulty, especially one that is small, hidden or unexpected: chướng ngại vật

• There is just one small …—where is the money coming from?

• Let me know if you run into any ….

snug

(adj) /snʌɡ/ (of a person) feeling warm, cozy, comfortable, and protected, or (of a place, especially a small place) giving feelings of warmth, comfort, and protection: ấm cúng

• a …little house

• I spent the afternoon ….and warm in bed.

• It had rained during the night but our tents were ….and dry.

let alone

used after a negative statement to emphasize how unlikely a situation is because something much more likely has never happened: huống chi

• Some people never even read a newspaper, ….a book.

• There wasn't enough to keep us occupied for an afternoon, …. the whole weekend.

wield

(v) /wiːld/ to have a lot of influence or power over other people: nắm giữ

• → …power/influence/authority etc

• He still ….enormous influence in politics.

convert

(v) /kənˈvɜːt/ to change your religion or beliefs; to make somebody change their religion or beliefs: cải đạo

• …from something He …from Catholicism 20 years ago.

• …to something She …to Judaism to marry him.

• …from something to something He ….from Christianity to Islam.

eligible

/ˈelɪdʒəbl/ (adj) a person who is ….for something or to do something, is able to have or do it because they have the right qualifications, are the right age, etc.: đủ điều kiện

• ….(for something) Only those over 70 are ….for the special payment.

• The new regulations made a lot of prisoners …for early release.

• When are you ….to vote in your country?

naked

(adj) /ˈneɪkɪd/

1. not wearing any clothes

   • The photograph showed a …man.

2. with nothing to cover it: trần trụi

   • a …light

   • a …sword

   • Bacteria can’t be seen by the … eye. You have to use a microscope.

hitch

(n) /hɪtʃ/ a problem or difficulty that causes a short delay: trục trặc

• without a …The ceremony went off without a ….

prerogative

(n) /prɪˈrɒɡətɪv/ a right or advantage belonging to a particular person or group because of their importance or social position: đặc quyền

• In many countries education is still the …of the rich.

• the royal …(= the special rights of a king or queen)