Common Aromatic Compounds and Their Substituents (EXAM 3)

C₆H₆

Benzene

C₆H₅-CH₃

Toluene (Methylbenzene)

C₆H₅-OH

Phenol (Hydroxybenzene)

C₆H₅-NH₂

Aniline (Aminobenzene)

C₆H₅-CHO

Benzaldehyde

C₆H₅-COOH

Benzoic acid

C₆H₅-CH=CH₂

Styrene (Vinylbenzene)

C₆H₅-COCH₃

Acetophenone

C₆H₅-CN

Benzonitrile

C₆H₅- (as a group)

Phenyl group

C₆H₅-CH₂- (as a group)

Benzyl group

C₆H₄Cl₂

Dichlorobenzene (can be ortho, meta, or para)

C₆H₄(CH₃)₂

Xylene (ortho-xylene, meta-xylene, para-xylene)

C₆H₄Br₂

Dibromobenzene (ortho-, meta-, or para-dibromobenzene)

C₆H₄(NO₂)₂

Dinitrobenzene (ortho-, meta-, or para-dinitrobenzene)

C₆H₄(OH)(CH₃)

Cresol (ortho-cresol, meta-cresol, para-cresol)

C₆H₄(OH)(NH₂)

Aminophenol (ortho-, meta-, or para-aminophenol)

C₆H₄(NH₂)(CH₃)

Toluidine (ortho-toluidine, meta-toluidine, para-toluidine)

Ortho (o)

Positions 1,2

Meta (m)

Positions 1,3

Para (p)

Positions 1,4

Electron-Donating (Activating) prioritize -OH, -NH₂, -OCH₃, -CH₃

Ortho + Para (o- and p-)

Electron-Withdrawing (Deactivating) prioritize -NO₂, -COOH, -SO₃H, -CN

Meta (m-)