module 12 - PPMS and Database (151) (week 5)

According the NAPRA, PPMS must:

support delivery of patient care (ex: dispensing drugs)

record, display, store and exchange patient info

facilitate info exchange with external systems

What are the main differences between PPMS and EMR?

PPMS can:

product inventory management system

detailed med info (quantities, expiry dates, appearance)

insurance/health benefit billing

T/F PPMS feed into EHRs

T, similar to EMR feeding into EHR

Where does information from PPMS go into?

DIS called DHDR

What is a database?

structured collection of records/data that is stored in a computer system

What is a database management system (DBMS)?

interface between database and end user

allows creation of database, data retrieval and generate reports

What are some examples of DBMS?

MS Access, MySQL, MS SQL server

How can you create a new patient record?

click insert after inputting a name

fill out the address and other patient info

What is a field?

particular piece of data from one person (name + field)

What is a record?

a collection of related data (fields)

ex: patient record

What is a table or file?

unordered collection of related records with the same attributes

ex: all patients at a pharmacy

Given this, what are some examples of a field?

last name

address

email

birthday

In Kroll, a patient record is a list of all ______

patients

In Kroll, a prescriber record is a list of all ________

doctors

In Kroll, a drug record is a list of all _______

drugs

T/F table is the most common way to organize information

T

What are advantages to using Single Table Management?

all data is kept together

stored data similar to useful data entry and report format

What are disadvantages to using Single Table Managament?

duplication

waste of space

costly to update

high chance of errors

What are benefits to Multi-table Management?

solve duplication issue with Single Table Management

What is Multi-table management?

use of multiple tables

introduce fields to connect tables

What is database normalization?

process of organizing fields and tables to minimize redundancy and dependency

What is normal form?

breaking down tables into smaller tables

What is an advantage of using normal form?

interconnected fields make it easier to change tables if neededWga

What is primary key?

uniquely identifies occurrences/records (rows)

connects info to other tables

ex: student ID number

T/F primary keys can be left empty

F

Primary keys may require _________ or _________ _____ to be unique

compound or composite key

What are compound or composite keys?

require additional info to be unique

What is a foreign key?

field that links dependent table to its related primary table (primary key)

What are 1-to-1 relationships?

one record in one table matches one record in another table

ex: employee → office

What are 1-to-many relationships?

one record in one table matches several records in another table

ex: physician → patient

What are many-to-many relationships?

records in one table have many associations in either direction

ex: student → courses

When retrieving data, what language do you use?

structured query language

A query consists of ___ parts. What are they?

2

select list and from clause

What is the select list in a query?

columns to be retrieved are specified

What is the from clause in a query?

tables or tables to be accessed are specified

What kind of information is included in a typical pharmacy practice management system (PPMS)?

a Record of medications dispensed

b Record of physician progress notes

c Patient lab values

d Summaries of patient hospital visits

a

Which of the following can uniquely identify a record in a database table?

a Foreign Key

b Primary Key

c Data Field

d All of above

b

Which of the following is/are valid tables relationships in a database?

a 1 to many

b 1 to 1

c many to many

d all of above

d

What is the main component of a database?

a PPMS

b PHR

c EMR

d DBMS

d

What kind of insurance plan did you enter in lab exercise #1?

a Blue Cross

b Greenshield

c ESI

d Assure

d

In Kroll, what is the quick key you can use to add a patient?

a F1

b F3

c F5

d F7

b

What allergy was entered in lab exercise 1?

penicillin, severe anaphylaxis (under comments)

What medical condition was added to the patient profile in lab exercise 1?

hypertension

In Kroll, what is the quick key you can use to add a prescriber?

a F1

b F3

c F5

d F7

d

T/F it is optional to include the license number for a prescriber

F, mandatory

Module:

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding Pharmacy Practice Management Systems (PPMS)?

a. PPMS allows storing and sharing of pharmacy records across the province.

b. PPMS are used in all community pharmacies in Canada.

c. PPMS documentation involves different standards than paper documentation.

d. The Canadian Pharmacists Association developed a set of minimal requirements for PPMS.

b

Module:

Which of the following reflects internal use of pharmacy record information?

a. Information that is contained within a Drug Information System.

b. Information that is contained within a pharmacy practice management system.

c. Information that is contained within an electronic health record.

d. Information that is contained within clinical notes for other health care providers.

b

Module:

Alert fatigue may be caused by “nuisance” drug interaction alerts. Which of the following are NOT generally associated with alert fatigue?

a. Discontinued drug alerts

b. Dose-related alerts

c. Drug-food interaction alerts

d. Topical formulation alerts

b

Module:

Examples of types of information found on a pharmacy record NOT strictly for internal use are:

a. Medications owing

b. Allergies

c. Delivery preferences

d. Insurance coverage details

b

Module:

Which of the following is NOT a difference between the primary functions of PPMS and EMR?

a. Inventory management system

b. Medication review billing

c. Clinical notes

d. Medication pricing information

c

Module:

A PPMS must be able to transmit drug information to a national drug information system (DIS).

True

False

F

Module:

Which item(s) below are specifically required for a patient record and NOT a prescriber record?

a. First name

b. Gender

c. Address 

d. Work number 

e. All of the above

b

Module:

Which item below is NOT required when entering a prescription?

a. Pharmacist identification

b. Service/prescription date

c. Directions for use

d. Prescription identifier

e. Delivery preferences

e

Module:

Which of the following are reason(s) to document and/or share a pharmacy record?

a. Share billing/insurance information with other healthcare professionals such as nurses

b. To increase patients' awareness of their healthcare

c. Facilitates reminders to help remind pharmacists to follow up with patients

d. a, b and c

e. b and c

e

Module:

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

a. Implementing NAPRA PPMS requirements is voluntary

b. Interoperability between PPMS and EMRs is necessary for e-Prescribing

c. The majority of community pharmacists in Canada have access to a provincial DIS

d. The vast majority of community pharmacists use drug interaction software

e. Infoway’s System and Use Evaluation Survey considers end-user satisfaction 

a