UNIT 2: THE NATURAL WORLD

Ravage (n,v)

cause severe damage to something

Clamour (n)

to make a loud complaint or demand

Tributary (n)

a river flows into a larger river

Resurgent (a)

increasing again

Resurge (v)

to become common or popular again

Indigenous (to) (a)

native

Be enmeshed in (a)

to be entangled in something

Slaughter (n) (v)

(v) to kill a lot of people/ animals

(n) the killing of a lot of pp/ animals
(v) to defeat someone very easily

Logger (n) = Lumberjack (n)

the person who cuts down trees

Dredge up (phr.v)

to mention something unpleasant that has been forgotten

Make concession (n)

the thing given up to end a disagreement

Colonization (n)

the process of making a territory a colony

Overconsumption (n)

excessive consumption of something

Widespread disruption to (n)

the action of preventing something from continuing as usual

Contamination (n)

to make something less pure

Degradation (n)

making a condition worse

Deterioration (n)

the process of becoming worse

Depletion (n)

the reduction in something

Devastation (n)

damage something badly or completely

Implementation

making changes that have been officially decided

Irrigation (n)

watering land or crops

Legislation (n)

to make a law

Pollination (n)

enable a plant to produce seeds

Rehabilitation (n)

to help a person or an animal live a normal life again

Croak (n,v)

(n) the sound made by frogs
(v) speak with rough voice due to sore throat

Growl (at) (n,v)

(n) the sound made by dogs, bears, tigers,…
(v) nói cọc cọc kiểu “Not now, im busy with my shit”

Screech (v,n)

(n) the sound made by parrots

(v) la giống Minh Khánh

Chirp (v,n)

(n) the sound made by birds, crickets
(v) to say something with high and happy voice (“Morning!”)

Hoot (v,n)

the sound made by owls

Squawk (v,n)

(n) the sound made by parrots, toucans, and seagull

(v) la khóc ồn ào như mấy đứa nhóc

Bark (v,n)

(n) the sound made by dogs

(v) to shout at someone forcefully

Bellow (v,n)

(n) the sounds made by bulls, buffalo, rhinoceros, bison,…

(v) rống lên vì đau

Buzz (v,n)

(n) the sound made by bees

(v) the move around quickly with a lot of energy (buzz around)

Chatter (v,n)

(n) the sound made by monkeys, squirrels,..

(v) nói xàm nói điên

Howl (n,v)

(n) the sound made by wolf, foxes

(v) rên lên vì buồn và đau

Hum (v,n)

(n) the sound made by hummingbirds

(v) to sing without opening your mouth

Roar (n,v)

(n) the sound made by lions

(v) to shout loudly

Squeak (v,n)

(n) the sound made by rabbits, squirrels,…

(v) tiếng cửa bị sét kêu cọt cẹt

Hand out (phr.v)

to announce an official decision

Crack down on (phr.v)

to punish, to deal with bad behavior in a more severe way

Use up (phr.v)

to finish a supply

Wipe out (phr.v)

to destroy something completely

Come up against (phr.v)

to deal with a problem

Amount to (phr.v)

to be the same as something

Step back from (phr.v)

lùi lại để suy nghĩ

Daintily (adv)

Delicately

Euphoric (a)

happy

Grumpy (a)

bad-tempered

Lavishly (adv)

thickly

Lazily (adv)

slowly

Massive (a)

huge

Peacefully (adv)

quietly

Trumpeting (a)

noisy

Wide-eyed (adv)

wonderingly

Wistfully (adv)

đăm chiu

Act as a deterrent to (v)

prevention

Teething problem (n)

vấn đề khởi nguyên

Scramble over (v)

Tweak (v)

to make small changes to something to improve it

Solidarity (n)

agreement between political groups

Fret about (v)

to be nervous or worried about something

Sneaky (a)

lén lút, thập thò

Stalk (v)

(v) if something unpleasant stalks a place, it appears there in a threatening way

(v) to walk in an angry and proud way

Animal pollination (n)

thụ phấn tự nhiên

Confined space (n)

không gian chật hẹp

Cost-effective (a)

tiết kiệm chi phí

Daylight hours (n)

Ban ngày

Fungal diseases (n)

bệnh gây ra bởi nấm khuẩn

Nutritional value (n)

giá trị dinh dưỡng

Roam freely (v)

đi dòng dòng một cách chill chill (con bò)

Welfare concerns (n)

quan tâm về phúc lợi động vật

Bring somebody up-to-date (v)

giúp ai luôn cập nhật thông tin

Put somebody at ease (v)

calm sb down

On a whim (idiom)

on the spur of the moment

Capture the attention (v)

garner the attention

Meet the needs (v)

đáp ứng nhu cầu

Take interest in sth (v)

hứng thú với điều gì

Show no sign of (v)

không có biểu hiện

Place the importance on (v)

attach the importance to

In charge of (a)

phụ trách

Proceedings (n)

a series of events

Capture one’s imagination (v)

làm chúng tôi ấn tượng

Bring sth to an end (v)

end sth

Buy sth in bulk (v)

buy a large amount of sth

Put sth into action (v)

realize sth

Place an order/ advertisement (v)

to arrange them

Show a small profit (v)

lời một ít

Have no say (v)

not involve in making decision

Have the right to (v)

có quyền

Have serious consequences (v)

để lại hậu quả nghiêm trọng

Have strong views on sth (v)

firmly believe in sth

Have a major impact on sth (v)

có tác động không nhỏ đến

Have no inclination to (v)

do not iintend to

Have access to sth (v)

sử dụng đc cái gì

Stagger (v) (n)

đi lảo đảo

Stride (v) (n)

sải bước

Stroll (v)

đi dạo

Tramp (v)

đi nặng nề

Trudge (v)

đi mệt lã

Wade (v)

lội nước