Music Appreciation FINAL

The use of melody to evoke the image of a character or idea in a movie, tv show or opera is called ____.

Leitmotif

Who wrote the soundtrack for Star Wars?

John Williams

What composer was most famous for using the leitmotif before the Star Wars movie?

Richard Wagner

Which Star Wars character does NOT have their own melody or leitmotif?

R2D2

What video game music was composed by Nobuo Uematsu?

Final Fantasy

Who are Jack Wall and Tommy Tallarico?

Video game soundtrack composers

What bodily function gets faster during video game play as the soundtrack gets faster?

Heartbeat

Tetris video game music comes from a ____ folksong.

Russian

What invention allowed video game creators to include more detailed music?

CD Rom

In 1993, the video game ____ led the player through the game using music.

Myst

What famous piece of music influenced Myst?

Carmina Burana

Some people believe that if ____ were alive today he would be a video game composer.

Beethoven

Ed Sheeran was born in ____.

England

What is different about the way Ed Sheeran sometimes releases his music?

He releases two singles at the same time.

What is one of the methods of Ed Sheeran's success?

Write catchy songs about things you know, understand, and have experienced.

Which one of Ed Sheeran's songs is based on one of his teenage "hangout" spots?

Castle on the Hill

What is unusual about how Ed Sheeran became successful?

He released his own music on his own website.

What simple thing causes Ed Sheeran's music to sell more copies?

When he's in the video

What unusual source material did Natalie Merchant use to compose new music?

Classic poetry

Natalie Merchant needed to do what to understand the feel and rhythm of her lyrics?

Speak them out loud

Natalie Merchant believes that lyrics can transport the listener to feel, hear, and sense what the writer experienced and is trying to convey.

True

In order to convey all aspects of childhood, Natalie Merchant combined different styles of music in her songwriting.

True

What is a genre?

A category such as jazz, disco, bluegrass, etc.

___ was the first of several African American musical styles that would transform American music in the first three decades of the 20th century.

Ragtime

____ was the birthplace of jazz.

New Orleans, Louisiana

What was meant by “living a monastic life” during the Middle Ages (Medieval era)?

Living in a place such as a monastery, convent, or abbey where monks and nuns lived, worked, and prayed.

After the collapse of the Roman Empire in Europe, what institution became the most powerful?

Catholic Church

What new innovations became common in the Medieval music world?

Music notation of rhythms and clefs

What is a chant?

A single stream of pitches sung by a soloist or group without accompaniment

Who is Hildegard of Bingen?

A Medieval nun who wrote music and poetry

What are the two major factors that influenced secular culture in Europe in the Middle Ages?

Feudalism and the Holy Land Crusades

What was the original meaning of the term “baroque”?

Both B and C (From the Portuguese word "barroco" which means oddly shaped pearl / A negative term used to describe artistic styles considered to be unnecessarily complex and ornamental)

What is a harpsichord?

A type of early keyboard instrument

Who was Johann Sebastian Bach?

A Baroque composer who wrote the "Brandenburg concertos," "Mass in B minor," and the "Well-Tempered Clavier."

Who was a Baroque composer?

Vivaldi

Who composed the "Messiah," "Water Music," and the "Music for the Royal Fireworks"?

Handel

Many composers, musicians, and artists lived in ___ during the Classical era.

Vienna

What Classical era composer wrote "The Magic Flute," and his operas "The Marriage of Figaro," and "Don Giovanni."?

Mozart

Franz Josef Haydn’s ____ was designed to wake the audience up with unexpected loud chords.

Surprise Symphony

What famous composition was written by Franz Schubert?

Ave Maria

Who composed an epic four opera cycle, "Der Ring Des Nibelungen" using leitmotif and which influenced the way 20th century film scores were composed?

Wagner

Some of the best known concert and theatrical works of the Romantic era, including the ballets "Swan Lake" and "The Nutcracker," and the "1812 Overture" were written by _____?

Tchaikovsky

What were the Holy Wars during the Renaissance era?

A war declared by the Pope to reclaim the territory of Jerusalem, pitting Christians against Muslims

One of the listening examples in Chapter 4 of your textbook is music that is written to represent the heart of Catholic liturgy. What is this important part of Catholic worship called?

Mass

The six periods of musical history studied in this unit are:

Medieval, Baroque, Classical, Romantic, Renaissance, & 20th Century

How did the countries of Africa change their music over time?

They updated traditional music by combining new sounds and electronic instruments.

Who are Youssou N’Dour and Angelique Kidjo?

The best known African male and female singers.

What is the name of the drum featured in the Music of Japan video?

Taiko

Who won the Academy Award for the Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon film score?

Tan Dun

What is the name of a musical group feature in a unit video that plays African percussion instruments and dances?

Ashanti-Sebei

What does WOMAD stand for?

World of Music, Arts, and Dance

What is a sitar?

A guitar like instrument with more than 15 strings

Which culture’s music features the sitar most prominently?

India

Which of the following is a type of music that was brought to the Caribbean islands by enslaved Africans beginning in the 1500's?

Bomba

This instrument was originally made from discarded oil drums on Navy bases on the islands of Trinidad and Tobago.

The steel pan or steel drum

What is the larynx?

The larynx is the voice box.

What are vocal folds?

The vocal folds vibrate to create the sound of the voice.

What is the pharynx?

The throat

____ is crucial to the fundamental workings of the voice. Without it there would be nothing to power the voice, or even to ensure that the vibration of the vocal folds can be heard.

Breath

____ is a trampoline-like dome-shaped muscle stretched across the abdominal cavity, separating the organs of the chest cavity from those in the lower abdominal cavity. The movement of this muscle allows the lungs to expand and contract during the process of breathing.

Diaphragm

What does "Singing from the diaphragm" mean?

It means that by expanding the abdomen during inhalation, we increase the rate of contraction in the diaphragm and take more air into the lungs, therefore controlling the quality of the voice.

What is the function of the sinus cavities?

They are spaces in the skull that act as acoustic resonating chambers, adding higher frequencies and increasing the brightness and vitality of the sound.

What does it mean to have good "vocal control"?

Having good vocal control means staying "on pitch". This means singing the pitch of notes accurately, rather than a bit sharp or flat. It also means not wandering off key or singing in the wrong key to begin with.

What is timbre?

The characteristic sound of the voice. For example, is it hoarse or smooth, hard or soft, broad or narrow, light or heavy? And, so on.

What is enunciation?

To have clear pronunciation of each word, crafting each syllable precisely as intended, and not mumbling as you sing.

What is phrasing?

Phrasing means how the singer "shapes" each line of the song. It's a combination of pitch, volume, tone, enunciation and more. Consistency is the foundation for a good performance but it is phrasing which makes the singer sound like a person rather than a robot.

What are dynamics in music?

The variations of volume or intensity in music

What is an octave?

A change in pitch consisting of 7 full steps

What does a sharp or flat do to a pitch?

Changes it by one half step

Musical time is divided into ___?

Measures

Time in music is expressed by ___?

Beats per measure

Tempo is ___?

The speed of the beats

means that there are ___ beats in a measure.

4

How long does a half note last?

Half of a measure

What is the letter name of this pitch?

A

What is the letter name of this pitch?

B

What is the symbol to indicate a sharp?

Forte and fortissimo markings indicate that the music should be performed ___?

Loud or very loud

What is the symbol to indicate a flat?

Piano and pianissimo markings indicate that the music should be performed ___?

Soft or very soft

A crescendo marking indicates that the music should ___?

Gradually get louder

What is a staff in music?

A series of lines and spaces that is used to organize musical pitches

What is this symbol?

Treble clef

What is this symbol?

Bass clef

Which letters of the alphabet are used to represent musical pitch?

The first seven letters

What note is located on the invisible line between the treble and bass clef?

Middle C