Integumentary System Lecture Notes

A set of flashcards covering key terms and concepts related to the integumentary system, including the structure and functions of skin layers, cell types, and related components.

Papillary Dermis

The upper layer of the dermis, made of areolar connective tissue containing dermal papillae with blood vessels and nerve endings.

Dermal Papillae

Projections from the papillary dermis into the epidermis that contain blood vessels and sensory nerve endings.

Meissner's Corpuscles

Touch receptors located in the papillary dermis.

Epidermis

The outermost layer of skin, composed of thin layers of epithelial tissue, and is avascular.

Hypodermis

The layer beneath the dermis, consisting of subcutaneous adipose and areolar connective tissue, and is vascular.

Lamelated Corpuscles

Nerve endings found in the dermis and hypodermis that are sensitive to deep pressure.

Keratinocytes

The predominant cell type in the epidermis, making up about 90% of cells and are involved in producing keratin.

Melanocytes

Cells located in the deepest layer of the epidermis that produce melanin, which protects skin cells from UV light.

Macrophages

Immune cells found in the epidermis that protect against infection and are produced in the bone marrow.

Tactile Cells (Merkel Cells)

Encapsulated nerve discs in the epidermis that detect touch.

Stratum Corneum

The outermost layer of the epidermis, composed of 25-35 layers of dead keratinized cells and is avascular.

Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF)

A hormone-like protein that stimulates mitosis, promoting cellular division.

Reticular Dermis

The thickest and deepest layer of the dermis made of dense irregular connective tissue which contains blood vessels, nerves, and glands.

Epidermal Ridges

Projections from the papillary dermis visible in thick skin that form fingerprints, appearing during the third month of fetal development.