Studied by 6 peopleEris
________ is about 2, 400 km in diameter and has one moon.
Uranus
________ has at least 27 moons and also has a thin ring system made of eleven separate rings.
Saturn
________ is the second- largest planet in the solar system, but it has only about one- third as much mass as Jupiter.
Martian Atmosphere
The ________ is much thinner than Earths and is composed mostly of carbon dioxide, with some nitrogen and argon.
Astronomical Unit
________: Used to measure the large distances within the solar system; equals the average distance from Earth to the Sun, about 150 million km.
Surface Temperatures
________ on Earth allow water to exist as a solid, a liquid, and a gas.
Ptolemy
________ presented his geocentric model of the solar system in 140 A.D.
Mercurys
________ relatively large core and thin outer layers resulted in some extreme differences in its surface terrain.
Galileo
________ was the first to discover these moons when he looked through his telescope and he drew a picture of what he saw.
Mariner
________ 10 was the first American space probe sent to Mercury.
Mars
________ has two small, heavily cratered moons called Phobos and Deimos.
Earth
Unlike ________ and the other planets, Uranuss axis of rotation is tilted so that it is nearly parallel to the plane of the planets orbit.
Jupiter
________ is the largest planet and contains more than twice the mass as all other planets combined.
Astronomers
________ have devised new techniques and instruments to find planets around other stars.
Uranus’s
________ atmosphere contains about 83 percent hydrogen, 15 percent helium, 2 percent methane, and traces of other gases.
Mercury
________ is small and has a relatively weak gravitational pull.
Neptune
________ has at least 13 moons.
Alvin
________ also discovered colonies of bacteria living off the extremely hot material spewing from volcanic vents.
Sedna
________ has been labeled a distant planetoid and with a diameter of 1, 200 to 1, 700 km, it is smaller than Pluto, but larger than comets in the Kuiper Belt.
clouds
The ________ in the atmosphere also contain droplets of sulfuric acid, which gives them a slightly yellow color.
Europas ocean
________ could hold more than twice the amount of water that Earths oceans hold.
Orbits of Mars
Most asteroids are found in a belt between the ________ and Jupiter.
asteroids
They may have formed when ________ collided or when comets passed close to the Sun, leaving a trail of debris.
Meteoroids
________: Other rocky objects orbiting within the solar system.
Comet
________: composed of dust and rock particles mixed with frozen water, methane, and ammonia.
Atmosphere
The ________ of Venus, which has 92 times the surface pressure of Earths at sea level, is mostly carbon dioxide.
Heliocentric Model
________: Sun- centered model of the solar system.
Venus
________: the second planet from the Sun.
Mars
________ is tilted 25° on its axis, which is very close to Earths tilt.
Jupiter
________ has more than 60 moons.
Galileo
________ concluded that Earth and Venus revolve around the Sun and that the Sun is the center of the solar system.
Uranus
________: the seventh planet from the Sun.
Neptune
________ was discovered in 1846 after studies of Uranuss orbit indicated that the orbit was being affected by gravity of another unseen planet.
Saturn
________ is composed almost entirely of hydrogen and helium, with traces of methane, ammonia, and water vapor.
Earths
Ozone in ________ atmosphere also protects life from the Suns intense radiation.
Sedna
________ comes as close as 76 AU from the Sun, but travels to a distance of 950 AU- far beyond the Kuiper Belt, but much closer than the Oort Cloud.
Asteroids
________: Rocky objects formed from material similar to that of the planets.
Comets
________ often have two tails- one made of dust and one made of ions.
Mercury
________: The smallest and closest planet to the Sun.
Neptune
________: the eighth planet from the Sun.
Jupiter
________: The fifth planet from the Sun.
Mars
________ has been a priority of NASA planetary exploration for several decades.
Mercury
________ is covered by craters, some of which have double rings.
Mars
________ is called the red planet because iron oxide in some of the weathered rocks on its surface gives it a reddish color.
Heliocentric Model
Sun-centered model of the solar system
Astronomical Unit
Used to measure the large distances within the solar system; equals the average distance from Earth to the Sun, about 150 million km
Extrasolar Planets
planets in orbit around other stars
Mercury
The smallest and closest planet to the Sun
Venus
the second planet from the Sun
Earth
The third planet from the Sun
Mars
The fourth planet from the Sun; red planet
Jupiter
The fifth planet from the Sun
Saturn
the sixth planet from the Sun
Uranus
the seventh planet from the Sun
Neptune
the eighth planet from the Sun
Comet
composed of dust and rock particles mixed with frozen water, methane, and ammonia
Asteroids
Rocky objects formed from material similar to that of the planets
Meteoroids
Other rocky objects orbiting within the solar system
Extraterrestrial Life
life on other worlds
Vast Disk of Icy
Most comets come from a(n) ________ comets called the Kuiper Belt near Neptunes orbit, or from the Oort Cloud that surrounds the solar system.
Mercury
The magnetic field around ________, discovered by Mariner 10, indicates that ________ has a much larger iron core than would be expected and is missing some lighter materials you would expect to find in its mantle.
Continuous storms of swirling, high
pressure gas have been observed on Jupiter
The structure of the rings is caused by the gravitational inter
action between the ring particles and some of Saturns moons
Note 
Flashcard (46)