PARASITOLOGY 2

intestinal nematodes

family; ascaris lumbricoides

intestinal nematodes

family; enterobius vermicularis

ascaris lumbricoides

common name; giant intestinal roundworm

ascaris lumbricoides

disease; ascariasis

airborne, wandering or erratic worm

MOT; ascaris lumbricoides

ascaris lumbricoides

features; female: 20-35cm; male: 15-25cm

ascaris lumbricoides

features; creamy-white or pinkish-yellow

ascaris lumbricoides

features; unfertilized egg - decorticated; no mamillations - disorganized

ascaris lumbricoides

features; fertilized eg - corticated; mammillated - organized

ascaris lumbricoides

features; larvae: 1.4-1.8mm

chickens

host for ascaris lumbricoides

ascaris pneumotitis

condition when blood accumulates and initiates edema which clogs air spaces; accumulations of WBCs and dead epithelium add to congestion

loeffler's pneumonia

other name for ascaris pneumotitis

ascaris lumbricoides

pathology; elicit inflammatory response; transplacental

ascaris lumbricoides

pathology; normal worm: malnutrition, cognitive impairment, rashes, asthma, insomnia, restlessness, diarrhea, loss of appetite, massive infection causing intestinal blockage

ascaris lumbricoides

pathology; wandering worm: due to overcrowding it goes downstream, upstream; suffocation; otitis media

mebendazole

drug of choice for ascaris lumbricoides

pyrantel pamoate

alternative drug of choice for ascaris lumbricoides

enterobius vermicularis

common name: pinworm

enterobius vermicularis

common name: seatworm

enterobius vermicularis

disease; enterobiasis

enterobius vermicularis

disease; intense per-anal itching

airborne

MOT; enterobius vermicularis

enterobius vermicularis

features; female: 8-13mm; male: 2-5mm

enterobius vermicularis

features; egg: d-shaped (hyaline albuminous layer and lipoidal layer); whitish brownish adult

embryonated eggs

infective stage; enterobius vermicularis

eggs on perianal folds

diagnostic stage; enterobius vermicularis

enterobius vermicularis

features; 1 worm deposits 4600-16000 eggs; females die after oviposition; males die after copulation

mebendazole, vermox

drugs for enterobius vermicularis

hookworms

family; necator americanus

hookworms

family; ancylostoma doudenate

hookworms

family; ancylostoma braziliense

hookworms

family; ancylostoma caninum

necator americanus

common name; american hookworm

necator americanus

common name; american murderer

necator americanus

common name; new world hookworm

necator americanus

common name; american killer

necator americanus

disease; necatoriasis

skin penetration

MOT; necator americanus

ancylostoma doudenale

common name; old world hookworm

ancylostoma doudenale

disease; serious anemia in miners

oral route, skin penetration

MOT; ancylostoma duodenale

ancylostoma doudenale

features; males: 8-11mm long; females: 10-13mm long

ancylostoma doudenale

features; 10-30 thousand eggs/day

ancylostoma doudenale

features; eggs: colorless w/ 2-8 germ balls

ancylostoma doudenale

features; armed with cutting plates and teeth and lancets; lips are reduced or absent

filariform larvae

ancylostoma doudenale; infective stage

eggs in feces

ancylostoma doudenale; diagnostic stage

rhabditiform larvae

ancylostoma doudenale; feeding stage

ancylostoma braziliense

common name; pork tapeworm

ancylostoma braziliense

disease; cutaneous larva migrans

skin penetration

MOT; ancylostoma braziliense

filariform larvae

infective stage; ancylostoma braziliense

eggs in feces

diagnostic stage; ancylostoma braziliense

ancylostoma caninum

disease; creeping eruption or cutaneous larva migrans

ancylostoma caninum

disease; eosinophilic enteritis (EE)

skin penetration

MOT; ancylostoma caninum

ancylostoma caninum

features; most common hookworm of domestic dogs

ancylostoma caninum

features; heavy infections may lead to severe protein deficiency (hypoalbuminemia)

ancylostoma caninum

features; desire to eat soil (geophagy)

ancylostoma caninum

features; pulmonary lesions like pneumonia or loeffler's syndrome may indicate severe infections

ancylostoma caninum

features; urticaria reaction; ground itch or coolie itch

coolie itch

localized itching

filariform larvae

infective stage: ancylostoma caninum

eggs in feces

diagnostic stage; ancylostoma caninum

<25 N

ancylostoma caninum americanus = no symptoms

25-100

ancylostoma caninum light symptoms

100-500

ancylostoma caninum moderate symptoms

500-1000

ancylostoma caninum severe and gross damage

1000 or more

ancylostoma caninum fatal

intestinal nematodes

family; strongyloides stercoralis

intestinal nematodes

family; trichuris trichiura

intestinal nematodes

family; capillaria philippinensis

strongyloides stercoralis

disease; strongyloidiasis

strongyloides stercoralis

disease; cochin-china diarrhea

strongyloides stercoralis

common name; threadworm

strongyloides stercoralis

one of smallest nematodes, also infects dogs and cats aside from humans

trans-mammary infection in humans and dogs, free-living or parasitic

MOT; strongyloides stercoralis

strongyloides stercoralis

features; parthenogenetic females: 2.0-2.5mm males: 0.9mm long

strongyloides stercoralis

features; females produce ova w/o male

strongyloides stercoralis

features; capable of autoinfection or can multiply within the host

filariform larvae

infective stage; strongyloides stercoralis

rhabditiform larvae

diagnostic stage; strongyloides stercoralis

thiabendazole

TX for strongyloides stercoralis

harada-mori culture

DX for strongyloides stercoralis

trichuris trichiura

common name; whipworm

trichuris trichiura

disease; trichiuriasis

trichuris trichiura

disease; next most common worm; occurs frequently w/ ascariasi

trichuris trichiura

features; flesh or pinkish, slender than ascaris

trichuris trichiura

features; egg: 50-55 by 22-24 micrometers

trichuris trichiura

features; has a brown, smooth shell, with bipolar prominences (plugs)

trichuris trichiura

features; egg contains a single-cell ovum; whip-like structure

embryonated egg

infective stage; trichuris trichiura

unembryonated egg

diagnostic stage; trichuris trichiura

albendazole, mebendazole, oxantel-pyrantel

drugs of choice for trichuris trichuria

capillaria philippinensis

common name; pudoc worm

capillaria philippinensis

disease; capillariasis

capillaria philippinensis

disease; mystery disease

capillaria philippinensis

disease; pudoc disease

eating raw/undercooked fish

MOT; capillaria philippinensis