Key Equations

Stroke volume x Heart rate

Cardiac output=

cardiac output x systemic vascular resistance (SVR)

or

1/3 SBP + 2/3 DBP

Mean arterial pressure (MAP) = (2 possibilities)

cardiac output x mean arterial pressure

cardiac work =

stroke volume/end diastolic volume

EJ fraction =

systolic - diastolic pressure

pulse pressure =

cardiac output x oxygen extraction

oxygen consumption =

ΔP/R

or

r⁴ΔP/nL

Flow = (two possibilities)

ionizing particles x concentration

g*C

osmolarity=

60/z log [out]/[in]

Nernst equation

conductance(Em - Ex)

Em=measured membrane potential

Ex=ion’s calculated equilibrium potential

net driving force of an ion

density x gravity x height

pressure =

pressure x radius / wall thickness

stress =

pressure x radius

tension =

Δ volume / Δ pressure

compliance =

R = 8nL/πr⁴

Poiseuille equation for resistance

pdv/n

p=density

d=diameter

v=velocity

n=viscosity

Reynold’s number