Final Partial Biology review

100

**Stage of natural history of disease where there are no signs and symptoms, only changes inside the body…​**

Subclinical Stage

4 main type of tissues…​​

Ephithelial, connective, muscular, nervous

Cells responsable for skin pigmentation…​

Melanocytes

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## **Name 2 cells that are part of the specific immunity ​**

B and T cells

**According to the image, what plane represents? ​​**

Transversal Plane

## **Part of the long bone mainly made of compact bone…**

Diaphysis

Bones located in the forearm…

Radius and Ulna

Body cavity containing the brain…​

Cranial cavity

**Stage of natural history of disease where the person is only at risk of getting the disease…**

Susceptibility

**Plane that separates the body in right and left halves**

Sagital Plane

**Skin Gland that is always attached to the hair follicle…**

Sebaceous gland

**Tissue that is able to store energy…**

Adipose Tissue

**In which cavity are the small intestine and stomach located?**

Abdominal cavity

**Cavity containing the spinal cord…**

Vertebral canal

**Expanded ends of the long bone, mainly made of spongy bone…**

Epiphysis

**Band of connective tissue that attaches a bone and a muscle…**

Tendon

**Disorder of muscle skeletal system that occurs when a force exerted against a bone is stronger than the bone can support**

Bone fractures

**Name the type of muscle that is voluntary**

Skeletal Muscle

**The most superficial layer of the skin**

Epidermis

**Disease in where there is a loss of bone density and the probabilty of fractures increase**

Osteoporosis

**Fibrous connective tissue that covers a long bone**

Periosteum

**Chemical and or mechanical barriers that are used by our body to fight against pathogens, is non specific.**

1st Line of Defense

**Level of prevention where the objective is only to prevent permanent disability**

Third Level of Prevention

**What type of immunity does vaccine gives us?**

Active

**Name the 4 main parts of a neuron**

Cell body, axon, dendrites, nucleus

**Organ that is mainly responsible for absorbing nutrients, during digestion.**

Small intestine

True or false - **water is absorbed in the small intestine**

False

**Inflammation of the lungs caused by an infection.**

Pneumonia

**Pair of organs located in the thoracic cavity**

Lungs

**Smoking is the main cause of this disorder**

Emphysema

True or false - **During inhalation the diaphragm relaxes and lungs constrict.**

False

**Air passageway that divides into two branches**

Bronchi

**Some organs of the digestive system make movements so the food can pass through, the movements are called:**

Peristalsis

**Disorder that affects the large intestine causing cramping, abdominal pain, bloating, gas, diarrhea and constipation**

Irritable Bowel Syndrome

T**he _______ produces bile, which is stored in the ________ and later released to the small intestine to help digestion**

liver - gallbladder

True or false**— = Mouth - —Pharynx— - Esophagus —- Stomach —- Small Intestine - —Large Intestine is the correct pathway of food**

True

 **Hollow organ that holds the vocal cords.**

Larynx

**Action where the diaphragm contracts and moves downwards and rib cage moves upward and outward**

Inhalation

**Tiny sacs that allow the exchange of CO2 and O2**

Alveoli

**The bottom chambers of the heart are called:**

ventricles

True or false = **Right ventricle → lungs → left atrium → left ventricle → body is the correct pathway of blood**

True

**Condition in which plaque made of cholesterol builds up inside the arteries.**

Atherosclerosis

**Components of blood and help the coagulation (clotting) process:**

Platelets

**Carry deoxygenated blood towards the heart**

Veins

True or false = **Plasma is the liquid portion of blood**

True

True or false- **Arterioles are very narrow blood vessesls in charge of gas exchange**

False (Capillaries)

**Carry oxygenated blood away from the heart** 

Arteries

**Blood vessesl that carries blood to the lungs**

pulmonary artery

P**rotein responsible of transporting oxygen:**

hemoglobin

True or false - **Blood carry oxygen and nutrients TO the capillaries and take carbon dioxide and waste from the capillaries.**

True

**Organ where urine is produced**

Kidney

**used as a transport for the urine to travel from kidneys to the bladder**

Ureters

**Pair of organs that serve the body as a natural filter of the blood.**

Kidneys

**Small, hard mineral deposits that form inside the kidneys**

Renal Calculi

**Regulate the concentration of water and solutes by filtration, reabsorption and secretion.**

Nephron

**Pain while urinating, not feeling like emptying the bladder are symptoms of**

Cystitis

Pair of tubes used for transport of sperm in males:

Vas deferens

**Cell that processes and transmits information through electrical and chemical signals:**

Neuron

**True or False - Fecundation usually occurs in the fallopian tubes:**

True

**Sexual hormone produced in the testicles that help to develop the male sexual characteristics**

Testosterone

**True or False - The oviducts are paired organs where eggs are produced.**

False

**True or False - Hormones are chemicals made by endocrine glands which must be transported in blood are:**

True

**1. _____ The pancreas produces**

Insulin

**Synapse is the communication that occurs between neurons and uses substances called:**

Neurotransmitters

**True or False -  Morning-After Pills Emergency contraception can be taken after unprotected intercourse has occurred.**

True

**Implantation of the embryo occurs in:**

Uterus

**True or False - A function of endocrine glands is to secrete hormones into ducts for transport**

False

**True or False - A function of endocrine glands is to secrete hormones into ducts for transport**

False

**"fight or flight", it is part of:**

Sympathetic division

**True or False - Condoms are the safest method and also the only one that protects against STD´s and unwanted pregnancies at 100**

False

T**he _______________ controls the following hormones: TSH, Growth hormone, FSH, LH, Prolactin, ACTH and MSH.**

anterior pituitary gland

**The primary function of these cells is to nurture the sperms and control their development:**

Sertoli cells

**True or false - Pineal Gland is located in the base of the brain, regulates circadian clock and sleep and produces melatonin**

True

**Gland located in the thorax, produces a hormone that stimulates the production of T-cells.**

Thymus gland

**True or false - Day 1 of the woman menstrual cycle corresponds to 1st day of implantation**

False

**External male anatomy corresponds to the:**

Penis and testicles

True or false- **Wernicke's area is in charge of language expression and comprehension.**

True

**HIV and AIDS are examples of diseases caused by:**

virus

True or false - **Sperm are made in the vas deferens.**

False

**Endocrine disorder in which the thyroid gland produces too much thyroid hormone (T3, T4):**

hyperthyroidism

**Movement disorder caused by the decrease of production of the neurotransmitter dopamine.**

Parkinson

**Mood disorder in which the patient presents sadness, insomnia, low energy and in some severe cases suicidal thoughts**

Depression

**HPV can cause:**

cervical cancer