Week 1: Introduction, Scope, and Meaning of Ethics.

Ethics

It is the Philosophy of Life.

Critical Thinking

What discerns men from brutes, making men decide better than a mere prior judgement.

Ethics

It is the primary vehichle for men to reach the very purpose of life - the persuit of happiness.

Mental Development

The quality of life men lived is a testament to man’s __________.

Ethics

It made men decide what is right and wrong guided by reason should ambiguity in the written law persists.

man’s self-interest

Nothing is perfect, everything has flaws, and with that, confusion comes in. Human ethics are clouded by _________ that interpretation of law and order is as muddled as a needle in a haystack.

Changes in the environment, the complexities of the human world, and his own thinking.

As time went by, what alters mans understanding of ethics?

Age old questions that even baffle geniuses.

1. What is the supreme purpose of human living is?

2. What are man’s greatest good and perfection?

3. What is the ultimate objective of hman strivings, is it attainable?

4. What is the summum bonum (highest good) of human life?

5. What is the root cause and remedy to human suffering?

every aspect of society.

The decadence of ethics is not just limited to the business world, it has affected __________, such as sports and entertainment.

Human Development

Humans are not born endowed with ethics as an inherent characteristic, but their behaviour jives with ___________.

Human Development

The man initially behaves like a brute, and under ths, he behaves less morrally and more ethically

They are both patterns of human behaviour

Why is ethics and morality interchangeable eventhou in reality, they are different?

Ethics

It refers to rules provided by an external source, such as laws, codes of conduct in workplaces, or principles in religions.

Morals

It refers to an individual’s own principles regarding right and wrong.

Personal development and human development

Two things that Ethical Human development depends on.

Personal development

It is in general, a process of internalizing values, judgement, and thought; morally, it is a transition from what we should do to what is the best thing to do.

Human development

It is the combination of collective personal development, and social development.

Low to High

The ethics of human behaviour ranges from the spectrum of __ personal and human development to _ personal and human development.

person endowed with knowledge

In time, man’s ethical development will also serve as his transition from a self-indulging individual to a person _________ that will aid him in his persuit of happiness.

Ethics

It is a branch of philosophy that studies human acts and human conduct.

• However, while some subjects study human conduct, such as Psychology and Sociology.

• They are more concerned with the morality of huamn acts.

• It has a deeper meaning in its standpoint by further delving into the aspect of human acts.

Ethics

1. It is the practical science of the morality of human actions

2. It is the scientific inquiry into the principles of morality

3. Ethics is the study of human conduct from the standpoint of morality

4. It is the science of human acts with reference to right and wrong

Ethics and Logic

______/It is the science of right thinking while Ethics is the science of right living.

• Thinking and doings go hand in hand.

• We cannot move without thinking right the same way.

• Every action is guided by reason.

Ethics and Psychology

The two subjects dealt with the study of man, human nature, and human behavior, but that is all their similarity ends.

• Ethics is interested in moral obligation, while _______ ends there.

• ______ only tells us the causes of man’s actions, which may be psychological or physiological,

• But ethics tells us how a man should react.

Ethics and Sociology

______/It deals with the study of society as well as the social order that regulates society as a whole.

• Any society is doomed to fail if devoid of the correct basis of thinking.

• But then what is the foundation of their social order if there is no basis of right or wrong, which is ethics.

Ethics and Economics

Napoleon once said that an army marches on its stomach. In ______, man has to fulfill his economic needs.

• The need for material wealth is inherent in man.

• There are instances that economic topics need ethical principles such as capital-labor relations, profit, interests, moneyet al.

• The need to settle these conflict must have an ethical basis to incur equitable results.

Ethics and Education

_________/It is, whether formal or informal, is a never ending process and is the foundation of man’s moral, intellectual and physical capacities.

• But then again, _____ is illicit if ethics does not support it, they say ethics is life the same way ______ is intertwined with life.

• Learning is good but learning supported by ethics is better since ethics is living right.

Morality and Law

Not everything moral is legal, and not everything legal is moral.

• Good things do not need legislation and immoral acts that the State may approve.

• But to further differentiate, their laws only used external aacts while ethics cover man’s ‘‘acts’’ that play in his mind that will not incriminate him in any statute.

• For example, a plan for a robbery, if discovered, is not criminally liable in any court of law, but ethics said it is a fault for such an ‘‘act’’ is intrinsically evil.

Ethics and Politics

Man’s constant search for happiness, temporal or eternal, is never-ending.

• They say politics and ethics are poles apart - to a certain point, that is correct.

• It is the very reason why politics become dirty, for they deviate from ethics.

• Man’s insatiable greed for wealth and power thru ______ means the absence of ethics. An ideal state should bean ethical state.

Ethics and Art

Ethics is about positive morality, while ___ is concerned about beauty.

• The purpose of ___ is for appreciation that contributes to man’s ethics.

• Beautiful work of art will give a positive outlook to the looker that will be greatly appreciated.

Religion and Ethics

______ is ethics and ethics is also _______.

• They are interchangeable for any religious belief tends to ethical standards in relation to his most fundamental tenet.

• What unites these two all boiled down to three things:

  • a) belief in the Supernatural

  • b) man’s beginning and end

  • c) right living

Morality

It is the quality of goodness or badness in a human act. In this case, we base judgement on any human action based on its ethicality.

gravity

The quality of an act may be justified according to its ____.

justified

An evil human act may be considered ‘‘right’’ just as long as it can be ______, leading to its morality norm. By that term, we mean that the basis for determining its correctness is the standard of the judging party and the reason why an act is morally wrong or right

human acts

Just like the word itself, _____ means actions of men that are done willfully and willingly

Scenarios beyond human control

Keep in mind that some scenarios are not human acts, such as

• rainfall

• sunset

• earthquake,

• or even the beating of the heart or blood circulation are beyond human acts, for these are actions a man cannot control.

justify

In the case of the assassinations where the culprit pulled the trigger, the gun is not to blame but the doer of the action that caused taking the life of another man. Once questioned, he has the right to ____ his actions as either morally right or wrong.