gen chem chapter 11 MCAT

oxidation

the loss of electrons

reduction

gain of electrons

oxidizing agents

facilitates the oxidation of another compound and is itself reduced in the process

reducing agents

facilitates the reduction of another compound and is itself oxidized in the process

complete ionic equation

accounts for all of the ions present in a reaction.

net ionic equations

ignore spectator ions to focus only on the species that actually participate in the reaction

disproportionation/ dismutation

type of redox reaction in which one element is both oxidized and reduced forming at least two molecules containing the element with different oxidation states

potentiometric titration

a form of redox titration in which a voltmeter or external cell measures the electromotive force (emf) of a solution. No indicator is used the the equivalence point is determined by a sharp change in voltage

Pauli exclusion principle

states that no two electrons in an atom can possess the same set of four quantum numbers. This is due to the fact that electrons have a negative charge and therefore repel each other; therefore, they must position themselves to minimize this repulsion energy.

Aufbau principle,

literally the building-up principle, is a scheme for assigning electrons to specific orbitals to produce an electronic configuration for a given atom. It is related, in part, to the fact that no two atomic electrons share the same set of four quantum numbers, but does not explicitly state this requirement.