Magnetism and the Motor Effect (EdExcel)

What materials are attracted to magnets?

Iron, Steel, Nickel, and Cobalt.

Name a few examples of non-magnetic materials.

Wood, Plastic, Aluminium, and Copper.

What are the two poles of a magnet?

North-seeking pole (N) and South-seeking pole (S).

What happens when like poles of a magnet come together?

They repel each other.

What is a permanent magnet?

A magnet that produces its own persistent magnetic field and retains magnetism over time.

What is an induced magnet?

A material that becomes magnetic when placed in a magnetic field and loses magnetism when removed.

How do magnetic field lines indicate magnetic strength?

The closer the field lines are together, the stronger the magnetic field.

How is the direction of the magnetic field determined?

By the tangent to the field line at that point.

What creates a magnetic field around a wire?

An electric current flowing through the wire.

Which rule is used to determine the direction of the magnetic field around a current-carrying wire?

The Right-Hand Grip Rule.

What is a solenoid?

A coil of insulated wire that enhances the magnetic field effect.

What occurs when a solenoid is wrapped around a ferromagnetic core?

An electromagnet is created, producing a much stronger magnetic field.

What is the motor effect?

The phenomenon where a current-carrying conductor experiences a force in a magnetic field.

What is Fleming's Left-Hand Rule used for?

To determine the direction of the force on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field.

What three factors can increase the force on a conductor in a magnetic field?

Increasing magnetic flux density, increasing current, and increasing length of the conductor.

What is the equation for the force on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field?

F = B × I × l.

What are the basic components of a DC motor?

Rotor (Armature), Magnets, Commutator, and Brushes.

What does the commutator do in a DC motor?

It reverses the direction of the current in the coil every half rotation.

What is the purpose of the brushes in a DC motor?

To allow current to flow to the rotating commutator and coil.

How does the commutator ensure continuous rotation in a DC motor?

By reversing the direction of the current which maintains the turning effect in one direction.