Public Speaking test 1

Audience Analysis-

the systematic process of gathering and interpreting information about your listeners to understand their beliefs, values, attitudes, needs, and demographic characteristics

specific purpose statement

a single-sentence statement that clarifies the goal of a speech, outlining what the speaker wants the audience to know, do, or believe by the speech's end

Public Speaking

the formal act of delivering a prepared speech or presentation to a live audience with the purpose of informing, persuading, entertaining, or motivating them.

Defamatory speech

a false, factual statement that is communicated to a third party and harms anothers reputaion, falling under the legal umbrella of slander.

Planned Redundancy

the intentional repetition and reinforcement of key pointd to enhance audience comprehension and retention of information.

APA

A citation style developed by the American Psychological Association, used by a variety of disciplines including psychology, health sciences, STEM fields, and communication studies.

Periodicals

published materials, such as newspapers, magazine, and academic journals, that are released on a regular, ongoing schedule

What does human communication first involve?

People

peer-reviewed

Information or research that has been evaluated by experts in the same field for accuracy, quality, and credibility before being published.

Derived credibility

The level of trust and authority a speaker earns during the speech, based on the content, delivery, and use of evidence.

Listening

The active process of receiving, constructing meaning from, and responding to spoken or nonverbal messages.

Psychographic characteristics

Audience traits related to values, attitudes, interests, beliefs, and lifestyles

Stereotyping

Oversimplifying or generalizing about a group of people without regard for individual differences.

Paraphrasing

Restating someone else's ideas or information in your own words, while retaining the original meaning.

Audience-centered

An approach that focuses on the audience’s needs, interests, knowledge level, and attitudes when preparing and delivering a speech.

Communication apprehension

The fear or anxiety associated with real or anticipated communication, especially public speaking.

Main points

The central ideas or arguments of a speech, usually limited to 2–5, that support the thesis or specific purpose.

General purpose

The overall intent of a speech—usually to inform, to persuade, or to entertain.

Common knowledge

information that is widely known and accepted, and does not require citation.

Primary sources

Original materials or firsthand accounts that have not been interpreted or altered by others.

Comprehensive listening

Listening to understand and retain information for later use

Channel

The medium through which a message is transmitted from speaker to audience (e.g., spoken word, microphone, video, body language).

stories and storytelling

in the form of anecdotes and narrative illustrations, are your most powerful tool as a public speaker.

Citation

An integral part of academic work