The Civil Rights Movement

Section 3 , Lesson 4

What did the Civil War officially end

Slavery

What replaced slavery in the South

Jim Crow segregation

What Supreme Court case legalized segregation

Plessy v Ferguson

What phrase justified segregation

Separate but equal

Why was segregation unequal

Facilities for Black Americans were inferior

What methods restricted Black voting

Poll taxes and literacy tests

What violent practice terrorized Black communities

Lynching

Who was Emmett Till

A Black teenager murdered in Mississippi in 1955

Why did Emmett Till’s murder matter

It shocked the nation and exposed racial violence

What president desegregated the military

Harry Truman

What year was the military desegregated

1948

Who was Jackie Robinson

The first African American Major League Baseball player

What organization challenged school segregation

The NAACP

Who argued Brown v Board of Education

Thurgood Marshall

What year was Brown v Board decided

1954

What did Brown v Board rule

School segregation was unconstitutional

What phrase came from the Brown ruling

Separate facilities are inherently unequal

How fast did Southern schools integrate after Brown

Very slowly

Who was Rosa Parks

A civil rights activist who refused to give up her bus seat

Where did Rosa Parks protest

Montgomery Alabama

What happened after Rosa Parks’ arrest

The Montgomery Bus Boycott

Who led the Montgomery Bus Boycott

Martin Luther King Jr

What philosophy guided Martin Luther King Jr

Nonviolent resistance

How successful was the bus boycott

Nearly all Black residents participated

What was the result of the boycott

Bus segregation was ruled unconstitutional

Who were the Little Rock Nine

Nine Black students integrating Central High School

Which governor tried to block integration

Orval Faubus

Who enforced integration in Little Rock

President Eisenhower

What troops were sent to Little Rock

The 101st Airborne Division

Why was Little Rock important

It showed federal authority over states

What law was passed in 1959

The Civil Rights Act of 1959

Why was the Civil Rights Act of 1959 weak

It lacked strong enforcement

What protest tactic began in 1960

Sit-ins

Where did the first sit-ins occur

Greensboro North Carolina

What was the goal of sit-ins

To desegregate public spaces

What student group formed in 1960

SNCC

What organization supported direct action protests

CORE

What were Freedom Rides

Integrated bus rides through the South

What were Freedom Riders protesting

Interstate segregation

What happened to many Freedom Riders

They faced violence and arrest

Who protected later Freedom Rides

Federal marshals

What policy change resulted from Freedom Rides

Interstate segregation was banned

What movement rejected nonviolence later in the 1960s

Black Power

Who influenced the Black Power movement

Malcolm X

What did Black Power emphasize

Self reliance and racial pride