Kuby Immunology: Chapter 15 - Allergy and Hypersensitivities

These flashcards contain key vocabulary and definitions related to Chapter 15 of Kuby Immunology, which focuses on allergies and hypersensitivities.

Hypersensitivity

An exaggerated immune response often involving inflammation resulting in tissue injury.

Type I Hypersensitivity

IgE-mediated immediate hypersensitivity reactions that can lead to conditions such as allergies and anaphylaxis.

Degranulation

The release of intracellular granules from mast cells and basophils upon activation by allergens.

Gell and Coombs Classification

A classification system for hypersensitivity reactions consisting of four types, each defined by the immune response type.

Allergen

A nonparasitic antigen capable of stimulating type I hypersensitivity responses.

Atopy

The hereditary predisposition to develop immediate hypersensitivity reactions to common environmental antigens.

IgE

A class of antibody that is involved in allergic reactions and is responsible for Type I hypersensitivity.

Histamine

A major mediator released from mast cells during allergic reactions that causes vasodilation and increased vascular permeability.

Cytokines

Signaling proteins released by immune cells that can recruit other immune cells and modulate inflammatory responses.

Delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH)

A cell-mediated immune response that requires sensitization and is characterized by a delayed reaction to a previously encountered antigen.