Gram Negative Bacteria

gram - aerobes

pseudomonas

legionella

neisseria

brucella

bordatella

francisella

gram - facultative bacteria

escherichia

shigella

salmonella

klebsiella

enterobacter

serratia

proteus

yersinia

vibrio

haemophilus

gardnerella

pseudomonas

gram -

straight or curved rods

polar flagella (motile)

oxidase +

aerobe

oxidase test

tests for cytochrome oxidase

positive are strict aerobes

legionella

aerobe

gram -

polar flagella (motile)

found in cooling towers and liquid

neisseria

gram -

cocci (pairs)

aerobes

non-motile

brucella

gram -

aerobe

very small rod

non-motile

mostly in cattle

bordatella

gram -

aerobe

small (0.2-0.7 microns)

DTP vax

francisella

gram -

aerobe

small

common in rabbits

enteric bacteria

gram -

straight rods

facultative

ferment glucose

catalase +

indole test

tests for fermentation of glucose

positive- pink

negative- yellow

shigella

gram -

facultative

non-motile

no gas from glucose

no acid from lactose

salmonella

gram -

facultative

motile

produces hydrogen sulfide

hydrogen sulfide test

positive- black

klebsiella

gram -

facultative

non-motile

urease +

urease test

pH indicator

breakdown of ammonia

pink- base (positive)

yellow/orange- acid (negative)

enterobacter

gram -

facultative

butanediol fermentation

motile

water and sewage

serratia

gram -

facultative

motile

red pigment at lower temp

DNase +

gelatinase +

opportunistic infections

proteus

gram -

facultative

highly motile (peritrichous flagella)

urease +

swarming phenominon

yersinia

gram -

facultative

short thick rod

urease +

common in rodents

humans accidental hosts

vibrio

gram -

facultative

curved rods

oxidase +

motile

polar or peritrichous flagella

aquatic

halophile

bioluminescent

haemophilus

gram -

facultative

short rod

non motile

needs blood proteins to grow

gardnerella

gram -

facultative

tiny rod

female urogenital tract

bacteroides

gram -

anaerobe

short rod

human feces

opportunistic infection

spirilla

gram -

spiral shaped

motile

campylobacter

gram - spirilla

microaerophilic

severe diarrhea

growth at 42 C

helicobacter

gram - spirilla

microaerophile

tufts of flagella

acidophile

urease +

stomach ulcers

spirochetes

gram -

motile (endoflagella)

tightly coiled

aquatic environments and animals

treponema

gram - spirochete

flattened coil

very thin

borrelia

gram - spirochete

microaerophilic

large spirals

lyme disease

leptospira

gram - spirochete

aerobic

thin, finely coiled, bent at end

contaminated urine from animals

intracellular bacteria

rickettsias

chlamydia

rickettsias

gram -

obligate intracellular parasite

arthropod vectors

highly infectious

chlamydia

very small

parasitic

airborne

no arthropod vectors