Imperialism

Economic Interests

Desire for new markets and raw materials drove imperial expansion, providing cheap labor and resources for industrial economies.

Nationalism

Competition among European powers spurred imperialism, with nations viewing vast empires as a testament to their greatness and identity.

Social Darwinism and Racism

Justified imperialism by suggesting stronger nations were destined to dominate weaker ones, fueled by beliefs in European cultural superiority.

The "White Man's Burden"

Concept suggesting Europeans had a duty to civilize non-Europeans, framing imperialism as a noble endeavor.

Industrial Revolution

Technological advancements and economic changes created a need for new markets and raw materials, fueling imperial expansion.

Africa

European powers colonized the continent in the late 19th century, dividing regions like British Egypt, French West Africa, and German East Africa.

Imperial Rivalries

Competition for colonies heightened tensions among European powers, contributing to the outbreak of WWI.

Rise of Nationalism in Colonies

WWI accelerated nationalist movements in colonies, leading to widespread decolonization after WWII.