culture

cultural competence requires

• self awareness

• reflective practice

• knowledge of core cultural issues

cultural competence

• recognizing own culture, values, biases + using patient centered communication skills

• need to adapt to patients background that differ from your own

• need to be sensitive to:

  • patient’s heritage

  • sexual orientation

  • socioeconomical situation

  • ethnicity

  • cultural background

culture

• way of living for a group, transmitted from one generation to another

• broadest sense of human behavior, habits, beliefs, skills, arts, idea, manners of speaking

ethnicity

• group of people, racially, linguistically or historically who have a common and distinctive culture

• lots of diversity between and within groups

ethnic groups are linked by

• common geographic origin

• migratory status

• religion

• race

• language

• shared values, traditions, symbols

• food preferences

culture includes

• language

• beliefs

• etiquette

• law

• morals

• entertainment

• education

• an individual can belong to more than one cultural group

• not determined by physical characteristics

cultural humility

• recognize ones limitations in knowledge and cultural perspectives

• open to new perspectives

• self reflection, self critique, meeting patients where they are

religion and spirituality

• comes from persons life experiences

• shrines

• memorials

• saints

• wearing medals

• sacred grounds

how patients approach providers

• ethnicity

• generational status

• education

• religion

• previous health care experiences

• occupation

• income level

• communication needs

sterotyping

• all members of a particular culture expect group members to hold t he same beliefs and behave the same way

ethnocentrism

• perception that one’s worldview is the only acceptable truth + superior to all others

modes of communicaation

• speech

• eye contact

• touch

• silence

• cultural and physical characteristics of patient/provider influence communication

modifications to consider

• communication

• time

• space

• eye contact

• face positioning

• body language and hand gestures

• silence

• touch

health beliefs and practices

• illness is shaped by totality of patients experience

• view of health/illness/cure = shaped by culture and faith

• imbalance can result in illness

• faith based or naturalistic beliefs can conflict treatment options

• herbs, rituals, religious artifacts