Holderness Coast

Why here?

Highest Coastal erosion rate in europe

2 metres per year

3 miles lost since roman times

Why does it erode so fast

Exposed and lithology

UNconsolidated glacial till - loose and crumble

Unconsolidated glacial till is

Prone to slumping

Why are the waves so bad?

800 km fetch from norway, powerful destructive waves

Glacial till

Clay like, becomes saturated, slumping

How much out of 64km protected?

11.4 km

Bridington

Tourism and Watersports

Fishing community

4.7km of sea wall and groynes

Town and local industry protected

Groynes are leading to?

Terminal Groyne Syndrome

Rate of TGS if stormy or bad conditions

up to 1 metre per month

Where is TGS taking place

Shipsea

Flamborough head - North

Spatial and geological difference

Erosional coast

Arch, cave, crack etc

All the way down the coast (apart from the 11.4km exposed) consequences of?

Exposed cables, roads fall away, abandoned areas and houses, collapsing caravan sites

What methods

Groynes = TGS

Rip Rap - protect high cost parts e.g. Mappleton

Spurn head

The downdrift formation, spit that curves round, Peninsula, depositional due to erosion up the coast

How much material goes to spurn head

3%

The other 97% lost to offshore deposits

Easington problem?

Defences only protect the gas terminal, not the village

Easington

Reveals the focus on economic development, not the local people, conflict and difficulty of coastal management

Scheme is not integrated

Due to lack of investment

Not all stakeholders are value equally, only economically

Disregard for lesser value areas