Ch. 28 Globalisation

Describe what globalisation is and now it occurs.

Globalisation refers to how the world is increasingly interconnected, driven by new technologies like the Internet and advances in banking, telecommunications, and transport. These improvements have made businesses operate more efficiently and cheaply, boosting global trade.

Explain how globalisation affects population and settlement with examples.

Globalisation has led to rapid urbanisation, resulting in over 500 millionaire cities, 39 megacities, and three world cities worldwide. In Dublin, globalisation has transformed the Docklands into a tech hub known as Silicon Docks, attracting social media and internet companies. Meanwhile, in Kolkata, many migrants move to the city seeking better opportunities, but most live in shanty towns unless they have the education needed to access jobs in growing technology sectors.

Explain how globalisation contributes to human development.

Globalisation has helped MNCs expand by using the internet to connect with suppliers and customers globally. Many hire factories in the Global South, where conditions can be poor, but wages have improved lives. It has also created more jobs for women, especially in services and factories, helping to challenge the idea that a woman’s place is only in the home. Social media has highlighted issues like unequal pay and poor treatment, pushing for better rights and awareness.

Describe how transport has improved.

Advances in transport—like bigger and faster ships, trucks, trains, and planes—have made it easier to move goods quickly and in large amounts. Bigger airports and seaports support this. For example, Tesco flies in lettuces from Spain daily. The use of standardised shipping containers since the 1950s has sped up loading and unloading, making it easier to manufacture goods in one part of the world and ship them elsewhere.