Chapter_3_-_eBook

Conformity

A change in behavior or belief as a result of real or imagined group pressure.

Normative Social Influence

Influence resulting from a person's desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval from the group.

Cultural Dimensions

Values that distinguish different cultures, such as Individualism vs. Collectivism.

Enculturation

The process by which individuals learn and adopt the values and norms of their culture.

Acculturation

The process of cultural change resulting from the interaction between two or more cultures.

Bystander Effect

The phenomenon where individuals are less likely to help a victim when other people are present.

Social Identity Theory (SIT)

The theory that people’s sense of who they are is based on their group memberships.

Schema Theory

The cognitive framework that helps organize and interpret information in the brain.

Confirmation Bias

The tendency to search for, interpret, and remember information in a way that confirms one’s pre-existing beliefs.

Rationalization

The process by which people distort their perception of reality to fit their existing beliefs.

Leading Questions

Questions that suggest a particular answer or lead the respondent towards a specific response.

Misinformation Effect

The impairment of memory when misleading information is presented after an event.

Confabulation (False Memories)

The process of creating a false memory without intending to deceive.

Prosocial Behavior

Voluntary behavior intended to benefit another person.

Di$usion of Responsibility

The reduction of personal responsibility felt by individuals in a group, leading to decreased helping behavior.

Empathy-Altruism Hypothesis

The theory that empathic concern for a person in need leads to altruistic helping.

Competition

A behavior that results from the struggle between individuals or groups for limited resources.

Cooperation

Working together towards a common goal to achieve mutual benefits.