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AnSci 200 Exam #2
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Rabbit and Hare Order
Lagomorpha
Rabbit and Hare Family
Leporidae
Are rabbits and hares rodents?
NO
Why aren’t rabbits and hares considered rodents?
Because they have large front teeth, with small teeth behind the uppers
Do rabbits have altricial or precocial offspring?
Altricial
Rabbits body shape
Generally, more compact
Do hares have altricial or precocial offspring?
Precocial
Hare body shape
Generally, longer and thinner
Is a Jack Rabbit a hare or a rabbit?
Hare
Is a Belgian Hare a hare or a rabbit?
Rabbit
Male Rabbit
Buck
Female Rabbit
Doe
Young Rabit
Kit
Terminology for Hares
Leverets
Do rabbits have good or bad hearing?
Very good
Do rabbits have good or bad smell?
Very good
How many sense receptors do humans have?
~5-6 million
How many sense receptors do rabbits have?
~100 million
Explain a rabbit’s sight from a human’s perspective
probably not great
poor ability to focus (or for depth perception)
poor color recognition (probably)
Explain a rabbit’s sight from a rabbit’s perspective
probably okay
very wide range of vision
good ability to detect motion, predators
What is the average weight of a rabbit?
4-8 lbs
What is the range of weight for rabbits, depending on breed?
2-20 lbs
Are female rabbits or male rabbits larger?
Females are slightly larger than males
Two main rabbit colors covered in class
Agouti
Himalayan Patter
Agouti color type
“the wild-type”
each hair is banded with different colors
“Sandy look”: brown, black, white, tan, etc
Himalayan Pattern color type
dark points and light body
hands, feet, nose are dark
rest of body is light
Rabbit hair types
Normal (typical) Rabbit
Rex Rabbits
Satin Rabbits
Angora Rabbits
What are normal (typical) rabbit hair types? (2 types)
Guard hairs: longer
Underhairs: shorter
What does Rex mean?
A type of genetic mutation
What is different about Rex Rabbits from Normal Rabbits
Guard hairs are the same length as the underhairs (all hairs about ½ in. long)
What appearance do Rex Rabbits have?
Velvety appearance and feel
Satin Rabbits
Strands of hair are flattened
Gives an extra sheen
Angora Rabbits
Very long hair
Can be used for cloth
Why are Lop Rabbits called “Lop”
Because their ears “lop” down
How should you hold a rabbit?
Always want to support the rump (back end)
Why is it important to support the rump when holding a rabbit?
Because a rabbit can break their back if they kick without support to the rear
Rabbit shelter characteristics:
Outdoors can be good
Acclimatize them to cold weather
Protect from predators
Keep them dry
Keep them out of direct wind
Wire floor is good
Should have solid area for resting
Put wire on inside of the wood frame
Rabbit diet
herbivorous
What is a good example diet of a rabbit?
50% alfalfa
25% corn
25% oats
And a salt block
What else can you feed rabbits?
Some fresh vegetables
What is the “pet” diet for a rabbit?
Generally has less grains and more grass hays
What is Coprophagy?
Where the rabbit eats its cecal pellets, not fecal pellets
Why do rabbits eat their cecal pellets?
Excellent source of B-vitamins
Provides nutrients that they didn’t get in digestion
Perfectly natural and healthy
What kind of ovulators are rabbits?
Rabbits are induced ovulators
Do rabbits still cycle?
Yes, they just don’t ovulate unless ‘induced’
What is parturition called with rabbits?
Kindling
Do female rabbits pull hair from their front before kindling to make a nest?
Yes
Rabbit milk
Very concentrated: may only nurse once or twice a day
Do does retrieve their kits if they get outside the nest?
No
Viral Rabbit Disease
Myxomatosis
Explain the history of Myxomatosis
Australia overpopulated with rabbits
Took rabbits with this disease from Europe - to Australia - to kill the overpopulated rabbtis
What transmits Myxomatosis?
Transmitted by mosquitoes and fleas
also direct contact
What is Myxomatosis also known as?
“Big head disease”
What does Myxomatosis cause?
Fever
Swollen eyelids, lips, face
Swollen vent, scrotum
Is there treatment for Myxomatosis?
NO, kill the animal and burn it
Bacterial Rabbit Diseases
“Snuffles”
Mastitis
What is the most common disease in rabbits?
Snuffles (Pasteurella multocida)
What is the first symptom of Snuffles?
Wet front feet (rabbits will wipe their nose with their feet)
What causes Snuffles
Often poor ventilation (this is why outdoor housing might be better)
Curing Snuffles?
It is hard to cure with antibiotics
What is Mastitis?
Inflammation of the mammary glands (Staphylococcus aureus)
Is Mastitis treatable?
Yes, often treatable with antibiotics
Protozoal Rabbit Disease
Coccidiosis: same as in birds
How to prevent Coccidiosis
Keep cages clean so fecal pellets are not ingested
Fungal Rabbit Disease
Ringworm
Is Ringworm contagious to humans?
Yes
What does Ringworm cause?
Circular patches of lost hair
Sores
Parasitic Rabbit Diseases
Ear Mites
Mange Mites
Worms
How are ear mites treated?
By massaging in a treatment oil
Other Rabbit Diseases
Malocclusion
Sore hock and urine burn
Antibiotic use
Hariballs
What is Malocclusion?
“Buck teeth”
What can you do if a rabbit gets Malocclusion?
Trim the teeth so the rabbit can eat
What causes sore hock and urine burn?
Poor management
What is sore hock and urine burn?
Irritation (on feet) from urine-soaked hair in the cage
What can antibiotic use cause?
Can cause problems with bacteria in GI tract
How can hairballs be treated?
Some can be passed by giving mineral oil
Pineapple juice can help break them down
May need to be surgically removed
Things to consider with free-ranging house rabbits
House Rabbit Security
“Rabbit-proof” your house
Litter box training (can be difficult to train)
Have them caged when not around
Are Easter Rabbits a good idea to give as a gift?
NO