AP Seminar (Ethos, Pathos, Logos, and Fallacy)

Ethos

Credibility (By using creditable sources)

Pathos

By using emotion (Like appealing to emotion or connection)

Logos

logical (Facts, statistics, cause and effect)

Fallacy

defects that weaken argument

Hasty Generalization

Making assumption about a whole group ro range of cases based on a because it a atypical or just too small

AD Hominem

Instead of addressing someone’s argument you irrelevantly attack the person or some aspect of the person who is making the argument

Post Hoc

Assuming that because B come after A, A caused B

Slippery Slope

Arguer claims that a sort of chain reaction usually ending in some dire consequences, will take place, but not enough evidence

Weak Analogy

Analogy like if two things that are being compared aren’t alike and the evidence is weak

Appeal to Authority

Impressing them with famous name or by appealing with supposed authority without enough expert evidence

Appeal to Pity

Using emotions to make them feel sorry

Scare Tactic

Scaring them to do something like consequences of not doing it

Red Herring

goes off topic and distract audience from what is at stake

False Dichotomy

set up a situation to make it look like there is only two choices but then eliminating it to seemly make it look like there only one choice

Bandwagon

a fallacy based not eh majority is always right