Nursing Fundamentals and Assessment Practice Flashcards

A complete set of vocabulary flashcards derived from the nursing lecture notes covering nursing theories, physical assessment techniques, vital sign norms, patient positioning, dietary rules by religion, and heat loss mechanisms.

Florence Nigthingale

Nursing theorist known for the Environmental Theory (night, light).

Virgina Henderson

Nursing theorist who developed the 14 Basic Needs theory to help patients become independent.

Dorothea Orem

Nursing theorist who created the Self-Care Deficit theory.

Hildegard Replan

Nursing theorist who developed the Interpersonal Relations theory focusing on patient-nurse communication.

Callista Roy

Nursing theorist who created the Adaptation Model centered on role adaptation.

Martha Rogers

Nursing theorist who established the Science of Unitary Human Beings focusing on radiation and energy fields.

Jean Watson

Nursing theorist who developed the Theory of Human Caring emphasizing warm care.

Betty Neuman

Nursing theorist who created the System Model focusing on the nervous system and stress.

Imogene King

Nursing theorist who developed the Goal Attainment Theory.

Madelaine Leininger

Nursing theorist who introduced Transcultural Nursing, focusing on language and culture.

Lydia Hall

Nursing theorist who established the Care, Core, Cure model for healing.

Faye Glenn Abdellah

Nursing theorist who developed the 21 Nursing Problems approach for assessing patient problems.

Myra Levine

Nursing theorist known for the Conservation theory.

Abdominal Assessment Order

The specific four-step order of abdominal assessment abbreviated as I APP: Inspection, Auscultation, Percussion, and Palpation.

Hyperactive Bowel Sounds

Bowel sound activity associated with diarrhea.

Hypoactive Bowel Sounds

Bowel sound activity associated with constipation.

Rebound Tenderness

An abdominal assessment finding associated with appendicitis.

Snellen Chart

A visual acuity test performed $201,ft$ away from the chart to test both eyes, right eye, and left eye, with a normal result of $20/20$.

Trendelenburg Position

A position where the patient is tilted down, used for pelvis surgery and shock.

Reverse Trendelenburg Position

A positioning method used to assist breathing and reduce intracranial pressure (ICP).

Modified Trendelenburg Position

A positioning method specifically used for hypotension.

Left Lateral Trendelenburg Position

A position used to prevent aspiration and provide surgical exposure.

Caregiver

A professional nurse role focused on taking care of sick people and helping them feel better.

Teacher

A professional nurse role that educates people on how to stay healthy.

Counselor

A professional nurse role that listens and helps when someone feels sad or worried.

Change Agent

A professional nurse role that helps improve hospitals so patients get better care.

Client Advocate

A professional nurse role that speaks up for patients to make sure they are treated fairly.

Manager

A professional nurse role that leads and organizes other workers in the hospital.

Researcher

A professional nurse role that participates in research to improve the quality of patient care.

Systolic Pressure

The blood pressure reading corresponding to heart contraction.

Diastolic Pressure

The blood pressure reading corresponding to heart relaxation.

Tachypnea

A respiratory rate greater than $201,bpm$ (normal range is $12 - 201,bpm$).

Bradypnea

A respiratory rate less than $121,bpm$ (normal range is $12 - 201,bpm$).

Tachycardia

A pulse rate greater than $1001,bpm$ (normal range is $60 - 1001,bpm$).

Bradycardia

A pulse rate less than $601,bpm$ (normal range is $60 - 1001,bpm$).

Apical Pulse Assessment

The pulse assessment required before administering digoxin.

Rectal Temperature Assessment

The most accurate temperature measurement route.

Axillary Temperature Assessment

The least accurate temperature measurement route.

Numeric Rating Scale

A $0$ to $10$ pain scale used for adults who can talk and understand numbers.

Wong-Baker FACES Pain Scale

A pain scale used for children where they point to a face corresponding to their pain level ($0$, $2$, $4$, $6$, $8$, or $10$).

FLACC Scale

A pain assessment scale used for infants and non-verbal patients.

Conduction

Process of heat loss via direct contact or touch, such as holding cold metal or lying on a cold floor.

Convection

Process of heat loss via air movement or air current, such as a fan blowing on the body or cold wind removing heat.

Radiation

Process of heat loss without direct contact, such as a baby in a cold nursery room or sitting near a cold wall.

Evaporation

Process of heat loss where liquid turns to vapor, such as when a patient sweats during a fever.

Seventh-day Adventist Dietary Practices

Dietary practice prohibiting meat, alcohol, and coffee, with no surgery performed during the Sabbath.

Roman Catholic Dietary Practices

Dietary practice prohibiting meat on Ash Wednesday and Good Friday.

Islamic Dietary Practices

Dietary practice prohibiting pork and alcohol, requiring meat to be HALAL.

Jewish Dietary Practices

Dietary practice prohibiting pork and the mixing of meat and milk, requiring meat to be ritually prepared.

Supine Position

Body position used for sleep, physical examination, and post-op recovery.

Prone Position

Face-down (padapa) body position used for back procedures and improving oxygenation.

Sims Position

Body position used for enema administration and rectal examinations.

Lithotomy Position

Body position used for labor and vaginal examinations.

Knee-Chest Position

Body position used for rectal examinations and sigmoidoscopy.

Adult Otoscope Technique

An ear assessment technique where the nurse pulls the ear pinna up and back.

Child Otoscope Technique

An ear assessment technique for children under $3$ years old where the nurse pulls the ear pinna down and back.

Rinne Test

A tuning fork test that compares Air Conduction (AC) and Bone Conduction (BC), where a normal result is $AC > BC$.

Weber Test

A tuning fork test placed on the middle of the forehead to check if sound is heard equally in both ears or louder in one ear.

Fowler's Position

A position elevated at $30^\circ$, used for food feeding, breathing, and cardiac support.

Semi Fowler's Position

A position slightly elevated at $30^\circ$, used for NGT insertion and feeding.

High Fowler's Position

A position elevated at $60^\circ$, used for eating, comfort, dyspnea, and lung expansion.

Orthopneic / Tripod Position

A three-support position used for lung expansion, respiratory distress, and breathing assistance.