Mitosis: Phases and Purpose of Cell Division

Mitosis

Cell division producing two identical daughter cells.

Interphase

Preparation phase for cell division; includes G1, S, G2.

G1 Phase

Initial growth phase; normal cellular functions occur.

S Phase

DNA replication phase; chromosomes duplicate.

G2 Phase

Final preparations for mitosis occur.

Prophase

Chromatin condenses; nuclear membrane dissolves.

Metaphase

Chromosomes align at the cell equator.

Anaphase

Sister chromatids separate and move to poles.

Telophase

Chromatids reach poles; nuclear membrane reforms.

Cytokinesis

Cytoplasm divides, forming two daughter cells.

Cleavage Furrow

Forming structure in animal cells during cytokinesis.

Cell Plate

Forming structure in plant cells during cytokinesis.

Diploid

Cell containing two sets of chromosomes (2n).

Spindle Apparatus

Structure facilitating chromosome movement during mitosis.

Chromatids

Identical halves of a duplicated chromosome.