Age of Exploration and Colonial America Test

Iroquois Confederacy

The union between 5 tribes, stretching along the St. Lawrence River in New York and Canada, guided by a council of fifty.

Christopher Columbus

An explorer who sailed in 1492, aiming to find a westward route to Asia, ultimately reaching Hispaniola.

King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella

The Spanish monarchs who funded Columbus's voyage and were interested in spreading the Catholic faith.

Ponce de Leon

The first explorer to step foot in what is now the United States.

Pedro Menendez

The founder of St. Augustine and known for killing shipwrecked sailors near the settlement.

St. Augustine

Established in 1565, it is the oldest continuously inhabited European-established settlement in the continental United States.

Santa Fe

Founded in 1610, it is the second oldest city in the United States.

Historiography

The study of how history is written and interpreted.

John Wycliffe

An English reformer who was an early advocate for the Protestant Reformation.

Protestant Reformation

A religious movement that challenged the authority of the Catholic Church, leading to the establishment of Protestant churches.

King Henry VIII

The English monarch who separated the Church of England from papal authority, founding his own church.

Spanish Armada

A fleet of Spanish ships defeated by England in 1588, marking a significant shift in naval power.

Jamestown

A settlement established by a joint stock company in 1607, aimed at generating wealth for its investors.

Pocahontas

A Native American woman associated with the Jamestown colony, known for her relationship with John Smith.

Separatists/Pilgrims

A group that sought complete separation from the Church of England, establishing Plymouth Colony in 1620.

Mayflower

The ship that carried the Pilgrims to America.

Mayflower Compact

An agreement made by the Pilgrims to govern their colony fairly.

Puritans

A religious group that sought to purify the Church of England from within and settled Massachusetts Bay Colony.

John Winthrop

The leader of the Puritans who envisioned their colony as a 'City on a Hill,' a moral example for others.

Roger Williams

A religious dissenter banished from Massachusetts who founded Rhode Island, advocating for freedom of religion.

Thomas Hooker

The founder of Connecticut.

Fundamental Orders

Considered the first written constitution in the American colonies.

King Philip’s War

A conflict between Native Americans and New England settlers from 1675 to 1678, one of the deadliest in colonial America.