Unit 5 APUSH Events

What idea justified U.S. westward expansion in the 1840s?

Manifest Destiny

What was the main U.S. argument for claiming Oregon?

Lewis and Clark exploration

What did the Oregon Treaty of 1846 establish?

The border at the 49th parallel

What did the slogan '54°40' or Fight!' refer to?

U.S. demands for northern Oregon

What event directly caused the Mexican-American War?

Mexican and U.S. soldiers clashing near the Rio Grande

Which result was NOT part of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?

U.S. annexation of Cuba

Which territory experienced massive population growth due to the Gold Rush?

California

Which group made up nearly one-third of western miners?

Chinese immigrants

What was the main purpose of the Gadsden Purchase?

To create a railroad route for the southern transcontinental line

Which invention improved long-distance communication in the 1840s?

Electric telegraph

Why did many Northerners oppose Texas annexation?

It would add another large slave state

The Aroostook War was a conflict between which two groups?

U.S. and British lumbermen

Which treaty settled the Aroostook War?

Webster-Ashburton Treaty

What did the Preemption Acts help settlers do?

Buy public land they squatted on cheaply

What factor encouraged Americans to migrate to the Oregon Territory?

Fertile farmland in the Willamette Valley

What was the primary reason immigrants came to the U.S. in the 1840s-1850s?

Economic opportunity

Which political party was most strongly anti-immigrant?

Know-Nothing Party

Where did most Irish immigrants settle in the 1840s?

East Coast cities

Where did many German immigrants settle?

Midwest farming regions

Where did industrialization expand most in the 1840s?

Northeast

Which panic strengthened Southern belief in slavery's superiority?

Panic of 1857

Which invention shifted clothing production to factories?

Sewing machine

By the 1850s, which sector was the largest U.S. industry?

Railroads

What was the purpose of the Clayton-Bulwer Treaty?

To prevent U.S. or Britain from controlling a Central American canal

What was the main cause of European immigration to the U.S.?

Religious and economic freedom

What was the goal of the Wilmot Proviso?

To ban slavery in land gained from Mexico

Why did Southerners oppose the Wilmot Proviso?

It limited expansion of slavery

What did the Ostend Manifesto attempt to justify?

Buying Cuba for the U.S.

What was the goal of the Walker Expedition?

To create a proslavery empire in Central America

What did popular sovereignty allow settlers to decide?

Whether to allow slavery

Which was NOT part of the Compromise of 1850?

Nationwide ban on slavery

Which part of the Compromise of 1850 angered Northerners most?

Fugitive Slave Law

What was the main result of the Kansas-Nebraska Act?

It repealed the Missouri Compromise

What caused 'Bleeding Kansas'?

Proslavery and antislavery settlers flooding Kansas

Why did John Brown's actions alarm Southerners?

They believed the North supported slave uprisings

What did the Free-Soil Party oppose?

Expansion of slavery

Which party formed in response to the Kansas-Nebraska Act?

Republican Party

What was the major ruling in the Dred Scott decision?

Congress could not ban slavery in the territories

Which law did the Dred Scott decision overturn?

Missouri Compromise

How did Lincoln become nationally known?

Lincoln-Douglas debates

Why did Southern states threaten to secede after the 1860 election?

Lincoln was elected president

What was the main goal of the Constitutional Union Party in 1860?

To preserve the Union

What event triggered the creation of the Confederate States of America?

Election of Lincoln

Why did Southerners oppose the Republican Party?

It opposed expansion of slavery

What was the dominant political issue of the 1850s?

Extension of slavery into the territories